【作者】 刘德军；

【导师】 阮航；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 比较文学与世界文学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 华特·司各特是十九世纪英国伟大的小说家与诗人。他被人称为“欧洲历史小说之父”，雨果称他是一个“奇特而强有力的天才”。他的小说对英国的狄更斯、法国的雨果、巴尔扎克、大仲马、梅里美、意大利的曼佐尼、俄国的普希金、丹麦的英格曼、美国的库柏以及我国的郭沫若都产生了深远的影响。《艾凡赫》是司各特的小说代表作，这一文章的发表引起了世界性的轰动。评论家也从各个角度去分析评价此小说，如“浪漫主义”的分析、“历史”的解读、社会阶级的分析等等。批评方法的多样性，切入角度的多元化凸显了小说自身的包容性。在《艾凡赫》文本中也渗透着浓烈的民间狂欢化色彩，体现出“狂欢式的世界感受”。然而到目前为止，却未见有人从民间狂欢化这一角度去理解这部经典小说。本文就尝试从民间诙谐文化角度切入，并运用巴赫金“狂欢化诗学”来分析《艾凡赫》民间狂欢化的实质，以填补这一理论视角的空白，以期进一步推动司各特的研究。本论文主要分为绪论、正文、结语三大部分。在绪论中主要介绍了司各特的生平创作、国内外对《艾凡赫》研究现状及本文的创新意义。在正文中首先对巴赫金狂欢化诗学作了简明扼要的介绍。然后从广场、语言、人物形象、情节、结构等各个方面去揭示《艾凡赫》中的狂欢化色彩。从论述中我们可以看到一个众声交汇、喧闹的狂欢式广场；语言也突破官方的一切规范、禁令，大量使用了民间粗俗化口语、指神赌咒、发誓、插科打诨、嬉笑怒骂等等狂欢节语言和滑稽的民间歌谣、戏仿书信、手稿、对崇高文体的讽刺性模拟、对引文讽刺性解释等等狂欢化体裁；在小说中塑造了一系列狂欢式的喜剧人物形象；司各特充分利用了狂欢节里的“复活”、“假面”、“换装”等狂欢因素来设置自己的故事情节，在小说整体构思和人物形象设置中还隐含了一种脱冕型的结构。在这些因素中，表现出了对官方“真理”、等级、权威的颠覆与消解，对严肃神圣宗教的戏谑与嘲弄，体现了狂欢节中那种自由平等精神和交替变更精神。结语部分对整篇论文进行了简要的归纳，并明确指出，《艾凡赫》是一部狂欢化小说。更多还原

【Abstract】 Walter Scott is a great novelist and poet, who is called the Father of History Novel in Europe, and praised a Marvelous and Powerful Genius by Hugo who is famous novelist in France. Scott’ s novels have a far-reaching impact on Britain Charles Dickens, France Hugo Balzac, Dumas Merimee, Italy Manzoni, Russian Pushkin, Denmark Ingermann, the United States Cooper and China’ s Guo Moruo.Ivanhoe, which is representative of Scott’ s novels, caused a worldwide sensation, as soon as it was publicated. Critics have analyzed the evaluation of this novel from different perspective, such as Romanticism, interpretation about History, Social Class Analysis, and so on. Variety of Criticism and Diversified perspectives have highlighted the novels themselves inclusive. Ivanhoe also permeates with strong civil Carnival colors, reflecting the "Carnival-world feel." So far, however, it has not been appreciated from the civil Carnival in the context of this classic novel. This thesis attempts to analyze the essence of carnivalization in Ivanhoe from the perspective of the Civil Humoresque Culture, with Bakhtin’ s Carnival Theory, to fill the gaps in the theoretical perspective, with a view to further promoting the research of Scott.The thesis consists of introduction, body and conclusion. The introduction mainly braces Scott’ s life and his creative work, the situation of studying Ivanhoe at home and abroad, the Innovative of the thesis. First, briefly introducing the content of Bakhtin’ s carnival poetry. Then, revealing the essence of carnivalization in Ivanhoe from the Square, language, characters, plot, structure and other aspects. From the exposition, we can see a myriad voices converging and noisy Carnival-Square; Surpassing the official language of all norms and bans, extensive use of Carnival Language, such as a non-verbal vulgarity , God swear, reprimand, buffoonery, slapstick humor and so on, and carnivalized genre, for example, Funny folk songs, Parody Correspondence, Manuscripts, the Noble Style Irony Simulation, Citation irony to Explain the Phrase, etc. Shaping a series of carnival-style comedy characters in the novel. Scott sets up their own story, with full advantage of the Carnival factors such as Resurrection, Mask, Changing Clothes. The novel hides a Drowning-Decrowning Structure on conceiving the whole and setting up the characters. These factors show a subversion and deconstruction of official "truth", hierarchy and authority, a banter and mockery of solemn sacred religion, and embody the kind of free spirit of equality and the spirit of the turn of the change. Conclusion summarizes the whole thesis, and specifically points out that Ivanhoe is a Carnivalized Novel.更多还原