【作者】 王卓宇；

【导师】 马云志；

【作者基本信息】 兰州大学 ， 马克思主义理论与思想政治教育， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 二战以后，传统代议制民主的弊端逐渐显露，民主的实践仅仅被等同为选民的投票；同时，政治生活日新月异，面对日趋复杂的政治现实，主流的自由主义民主理论和共和主义民主理论难以解释复杂的当代政治事件。在这种情形下，哈贝马斯提出了商议民主理论，目的在于超越自由主义和共和主义的民主理念，弥补代议制民主的不足。本文试图从四个方面简要论述哈贝马斯的商议民主理论。文章首先从探究哈贝马斯商议民主理论的思想渊源入手，追本溯源地分析了法兰克福学派、德国的政治现实、主流民主理论本身的不足以及哈贝马斯对晚期资本主义困境的分析等因素对于哈贝马斯提出商议民主理论所起到的促进作用。接着深入研究商议民主理论及对现实民主政治的构建。商议民主理论建基于交往行为理论和交往伦理学，试图以普遍的交往理性重构晚期资本主义的民主政治。哈贝马斯将其商议民主理论付诸于法哲学及公共领域建设等方面从而与现实的民主实践相结合。面对统一后的德国及欧洲的移民浪潮，哈贝马斯应用商议民主理论去分析更宏观的政治事件，并提出世界公民的理念。哈贝马斯的商议民主理论实现了主权与人民主权、直接民主与间接民主、程序民主与实质民主的结合。作为一种新型的民主理论及模式，哈贝马斯的商议民主理论发展了传统的民主理论，弥补了代议制民主的不足。与此同时，商议民主理论也面临着巨大的来自理论及实践方面的挑战，落实哈贝马斯的商议民主还有待时日。尽管如此，哈贝马斯的商议民主理论毕竟为我们完善民主政治建设提供了另一种可能的方式，这对于正在全面推进民主政治建设的中国而言，无疑具有可资借鉴的地方。更多还原

【Abstract】 After the Second World War, traditional Representative Democracy’ gradually exposed its shortages, and the practice of democracy only means "vote"; In the meanwhile, politics began rapidly changing and became increasingly complicated, so that the traditional liberalism and republicanism democracy could not be applied to explain the phenomenon as well as they used to. Therefore, Habermas brought forth the deliberative democracy to overcome the conflicts between the liberty and the equality to combine the liberalism with the republicanism, and to reconstruct the philosophy of democracy. This thesis tries to analyze the Deliberative Democracy Theory from the following four aspects:Firstly, it explores for the source of the Deliberative Democracy. The birth of the Deliberative Democracy owes to several factors, including: inheriting and exceeding the doctrines of the school of Frankfort; reflecting the political reality of the modern Germany; criticizing the traditional democracy theory; and analyzing the dilemma of the late capitalism.Secondly, the thesis conducts a study on the theory and the political reality after Habermas’ theory reconstruction. Habermas’ Deliberative Democracy was based on the two theories: Communication Action Theory and Communication Ethics Theory. He tried to reconstruct the political life of the late capitalism.According to Habermas’ theory, democracy theory and it’s practice could be combined in many fields, such as law philosophy and public sphere. Faced with the reunification of the West and the East Germany, as well as of the immigration to Europe, Habermas applied his theory to explain the political reality, and put forward a concept of world citizen. Habermas’ theory was like a bridge, connecting many contradictory values in the democracy theory, such as human rights and popular sovereignty; direct democracy and indirect democracy; procedure democracy and essential democracy.As a new model and idea of the democracy theory, Habermas’ Deliberative Democracy developed the tradition of the democracy theory by overcoming the inherent shortages. On the other hand, however, Habermas’ theory also faced challenges both form theory and reality. It has been too difficult for Habermas’ theory to come true in the modern world.Nevertheless, Habermas’ theory provided a new method for us to construct democracy. After all, it is significant as we push forward our democracy construction in today’s China.更多还原