【作者】 张弛；

【导师】 贾登勋；

【作者基本信息】 兰州大学 ， 民商法学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 植物新品种保护是知识产权法中相对较新的领域，目前世界上主要存在两种保护模式：一是以欧洲为代表的专门法保护模式；一种是以美国为代表的以双重保护模式。另外国际上为协调各国的植物新品种保护，成立了植物新品保护联盟(UPOV)。TRIPS协议也要求成员国对植物新品种给予法律保护。我国专利法明确规定植物品种不授予专利权，而专利审查指南明确拒绝给予与植物有关的发明授予专利，植物新品种由《植物新品种保护条例》给予保护，由此形成了我国专门法的保护模式。我国是一个农业上小农经营为主的发展中大国，三农问题一直是国家的难题和工作重心之一。同时随着生物技术的发展，我国的植物新品种保护制度凸现出一定的落后性和保护不足。本文认为应当赋予农民以留种权，并完善遗传资源所有者与育种者的利益分享机制，给予育种家以豁免权，以维护国家的粮食安全和国家利益，并从我国建设创新型国家的目标出发，提高我国植物新品种保护水平是适当的。由此采用专门法保护的模式，达到或者高于UPOV公约1991年文本的保护水平。但是目前还不适宜开放专利保护，可随着实践的发展，通过法律实践的途径，逐步地提高保护水平，丰富法律的实践运作，待时机成熟时可考虑给予专利保护。更多还原

【Abstract】 The protection of new varieties of plant is a new area in the intellectual property law. There are two protection patterns in the world: one is to regulate by special law, represented by Europeans; the other is double protection pattern, represented by USA. As well, in order to balance the protection of new varieties of plant protection among the intonations, UPOV was found. TRIPS also ask the members to give legal protection to Protection of new varieties of plant.Our Patent Law and Patent Examination Guideline regulate clearly that protection of new varieties of plant should not be awarded patent rights. While,《Regulations on Protection of New Varieties of Plants》can offer protection to protection of new varieties of plant, which began the special law protection pattern."Three rural issues" is always the emphasis in china. With the development of biological science, it’s protection system lags behind and can not adapted to the present situation. The essay points out that the farmers should be entitled "Farm’s privilege", the system of profit distribution between the Genetic Resource Owners and the breeder should be improved, and breeder should be immunized, to maintain the nation’s corn safety and the nation’s profits, and to better the proficiency of the protection of new varieties of plant. Thus, such a special protection pattern can guarantee its protection, meeting with UPOV even over it. But now, it is not suitable to open patent protection. We can achieve it step by step, by the legal praises.更多还原