【作者】 吴刚；

【导师】 张祖林；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 科技哲学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 创新是一个民族的灵魂。一个国家的综合国力的竞争，从某种意义上说是科学技术上的竞争。建立创新型国家，是我国21世纪重大的国家战略。如何建立具有中国特色的国家创新系统，还需要马克思主义理论的指导。在马克思和恩格斯博大精深的理论体系中，没有一本专门论述科技创新的著作，甚至没有明确提出科技创新的概念。但是，这并不能表明，马克思和恩格斯的理论没有涉及到这一领域，也不能表明，马克思和恩格斯没有现代科技创新思想。本文通过大量地查阅马克思和恩格斯的原著，挖掘并系统地梳理了马克思恩格斯的科技创新思想，指出马克思恩格斯科技创新思想的时代价值及重要的理论和实践意义。本文从马克思恩格斯科技创新的内涵、马克思恩格斯科技创新思想的社会学本性、马克思恩格斯科技创新思想的认识论因素三个方面，系统地论述了马克思恩格斯科技创新理论。马克思恩格斯认为，创新是人类的类本质，科技创新是人类的一种社会性劳动；从社会的层次看，科技创新与社会生产、社会需要、社会制度等有着密切的双向互动联系；从认识的层次上看，科技创新涉及到认识论的诸多方面，其中哲学观点、科学方法、心理因素对科技创新有重要影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 Innovation is the spirit of a nation. To some extent, the competition of comprehensive national power of a country is the scientific and technological competition .It is an important national strategy to build innovation-oriented country in twenty-first century .Marxism is needed to guide how to build national innovation system of Chinese characteristic.Marx and Engels didn’t write a book on scientific and technological competition, even didn’t definitely forward the conception of scientific and technological innovation in their broad and profound theory ,but it don’t mean that the theory of Marx and Engels didn’t involve in the field ,and Marx and Engels didn’t have the modern thoughts of scientific and technological innovation .The thesis taps and cards systematically the thoughts on scientific and technological innovation of Marx and Engels, and points out its value of the time and practical significance through checking a large number of original works.The thesis systematically discusses the theory that Marx and Engele put forward scientific and technological innovation from its connotation, sociological nature and epistemology. Marx and Engels thought that innovation is the essence of human and scientific and technological innovation is a kind of social labor of human beings. From social perspective, it is interdynamic relation between scientific and technological innovation and social production, social systems, social demands. From epistemology perspective, scientific and technological innovation is related to many factors, such as philosophical views, scientific methods, psychological factors and so on.更多还原