【作者】 袁德亮；

【导师】 喻本伐；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 中国教育史， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 《壬戌学制》是近现代中国教育史上的一部重要学制。由于《壬戌学制》产生和推行于中国多种教育思潮相互激荡、转型的时期，因此为后世如何评价该学制留下见仁见智的余地。一直以来，教育界对《壬戌学制》的看法，存在着两种尖锐对立的意见。持否定意见者认为，该学制是“全盘西化”或“宗教侵略”的产物；而持肯定意见者则认为，该学制并非“盲从美制”，是中国教育的“一种主动应对行为”。笔者认为，从《壬戌学制》的制定来看，它确实受到美国教育制度和思想的影响，但若从它的基本精神来分析，却不宜视之为盲从美制及其思想的结果。论文结合中国教育自主意识发展、流变的进程，确立了“《壬戌学制》是中国教育自主意识觉醒之标志”的命题。围绕这一命题，论文依据教育现代化理论，并联系中国教育发展的历史，确立了判断中国教育自主意识觉醒的三项标准：第一，此标志必须是以中国的国情民性为依据，对中西方教育理性融通的成果；第二，此标志必须是教育界自主决策的，而不是政治强行干涉的产物；第三，此标志必须是以学生为主体地位的，而不是强化教师主导地位的结果。论文运用中国教育自主意识觉醒的三项标准，对《壬戌学制》进行了逐一检测，得出结论有三：其一，《壬戌学制》是中国教育由感性拿来转向理性融通的标志；其二，《壬戌学制》是中国教育由政治专制转向教育独立的标志；其三，《壬戌学制》是中国教育由重视教师主导转向重视学生主体的标志。因此，有理由说，“壬戌学制：中国教育自主意识觉醒之标志”的命题是成立的。更多还原

【Abstract】 Renxu School System was an important school system in the modern educational history. Because Renxu School System was born and carried out in the period of diverse education thoughts agitating and restructuring, therefore,it left wide room for the later generations to evaluate.There are two sharply contrasting views for a long time.Those who hold a negative view think that Renxu School System was the product of "total Westernization" or "religious aggression" . However, the views positively consider that it wasn’t "blindly copying American school system", but an initiative act for the challenge.The author holds a view that Renxu School System was influenced by the educational system and thoughts of the USA without doubt. However, from the foundamental spirit of this school system, it should not be seen as blindly copying American educational system.Considering the process of china education independence consciousness developing and changing,The thesis establishes this proposition that Renxu School System was the sign of awakening of china education independence consciousness. According to this proposition, the thesis establishes three criteria. Firstly, this sign must be based on China’s conditions and must be the achievement of mutual undstanding between Chinese and western education; Secondly, this sign must be the decision of Chinese educational circles and not the result of politics constraining. Thirdly,this sign must focus on the student personality, rather than the result of strengthening the dominant position of the teachers.According to the three criteria,the author has detected Renxu School System.The conclusions are as follows: first, Renxu School System is the sign of China education from blind copying to rational choosing; second, Renxu School System is the sign of China education from politics domination to education independence; third, Renxu School System is the sign of China education from strengthening the dominant position of the teachers to focusing on student personality. So the proposition"Renxu School System was the sign of awakening of China education independence consciousness" is established.更多还原