【作者】 文大山；

【导师】 ?萦?；

【作者基本信息】 新疆师范大学 ， 中共党史， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 在我国,随着改革开放特别是经济体制从计划经济向市场经济的转型,国家垄断社会资源配置的格局也开始瓦解,这无疑为非政府组织的发展提供了合法性的活动空间。发展我国的非政府组织,使它有可能成为与政府和企业并列的第三种力量,去推动我国的社会经济发展,特别是去做那些企业和政府做不到、做不好或不便去做的事情,成为我国社会经济发展中的一支重要的社会力量。更重要的是,由于中国目前处于转型期,社会矛盾和社会冲突剧增,迫切需要一种新的社会力量介入,发挥积极作用,为构建和谐社会出力。然而,对我国的学术界而言,作为理论研究的对象,“非政府组织”还是一个比较陌生的事物。相对于国外的情况而言,无论是对非政府组织的认识还是非政府组织本身的实践发展都还处在初级阶段。因此,从社会管理的角度,在理论上对非政府组织的作用和发展进行认识就显得很有必要,这对其在社会管理中、在和谐社会建设中发挥应有的作用具有重大的指导意义。“非政府组织”的概念源于西方,故本文首先结合中国实际确定研究的对象,对非政府组织界定后介绍了关于非政府组织的理论,并介绍了中国非政府组织在改革开放后呈爆发式增长的态势,考察其发展的原因及其中国非政府组织的特征。进而,本文分析了中国非政府组织在构建和谐社会的重要作用。构建和谐社会是一项系统工程,需要动员各种社会力量、整合各种社会资源,形成全社会构建和谐社会的合力。非政府组织作为一种制度创新,具有较强的多样性、灵活性、创新性和参与性,将在化解社会矛盾、促进社会和谐方面发挥重要作用。接着,本文对中国非政府组织发展面临的问题及原因进行了分析。当前,中国非政府组织的发展面临五大问题:自治性不足;资源严重不足;专业能力不强;发展的不平衡;大量非政府组织缺乏“合法身份”。本文从环境和自身建设两个层面分析造成该困境的原因,从环境层面看,政府社会管理观念滞后、三大制度的缺陷及社会认同不够是重要原因;此外,中国非政府组织自身建设的缺陷也是造成非政府组织在构建和谐社会中作用发挥不充分的原因。最后,本文提出了培育中国非政府组织适应和谐社会建设需要的基本思路。这是本文的重点。针对中国非政府组织面临的问题和原因分析,本文从制度环境层面、社会文化环境层面、非政府组织自身层面三个维度探索了培育中国非政府组织促进社会和谐的可行路径。只有坚持培育发展和监督管理并重的原则,完善培育扶持和依法管理的政策,中国非政府组织才能冲破制约其发展的障碍,发挥其在构建和谐社会中的积极作用,为和谐社会建设贡献自己的力量。更多还原

【Abstract】 In China, with reform and opening up, especially in the transition of the economic system from planned economy to market economy,state monopolies are the beginning of the disintegration of the pattern of distribution of social resources. This is no doubt the legitimacy of non-governmental organizations for the development of space activities. Non-governmental organizations in China, it may become the third force in parallel with the government and enterprises to promote the socio-economic development of our country, particularly to do those things enterprises and the government failed to do or inconvenient to do, to become an important social force in the socio-economic development of China. More important, China is currently in a period of transition, the dramatic increase in social contradictions and conflicts. It becomes the urgent need for new social forces, to play an active role in efforts to build a harmonious society.However, as a target of theoretical studies, non-governmental organization is a relatively unfamiliar thing. Comparing with the situation abroad, the understanding of non-governmental organizations or the practice of non-governmental organizations is still in their initial stage of development. Therefore, from the management perspective, it is very necessary for understanding the status and role of non-governmental organizations theoretically, it is of great significance in its management, and playing its due role in building a harmonious society."Non-governmental organization", the concept originated from the West, so this study determines the target from the actual situation in China firstly. After the definition of non-governmental organizations, the paper introduces the basis of the theory of non-governmental organizations. He also introduces China’s non-governmental organizations in the reform and opening up was explosive growth momentum, investigates its causes and the development of China’s non-governmental organizations.Thus, this paper analyzes the non-governmental organizations in China an important role in building a harmonious society. Building a harmonious society is a systematic project, which need to mobilize all the forces of society, and integrate various social resources, the whole community together to build a harmonious society. Non-governmental organizations, as a new system, have a strong diversity, flexibility, innovation and participation. It will play an important role in resolving social conflicts and promoting social harmony.Then, we faced the development of the non-governmental organizations in China and the reason for the problem. At present, China’s non-governmental organizations face two major problems: lack of autonomy; A serious shortage of resources; Professional ability is not strong; the uneven development; A large number of non-governmental organizations lacks of "legal status." This paper consists of two levels to analyze their own environment and the plight of reasons. From the environmental perspective, backward concepts of social management, the three agree that the legal system and social shortcomings is important; In addition, because of the defect of non-governmental organizations in China, non-governmental organizations in building a harmonious society do not fully play the role of the original due.Finally, a basic idea is introduced to promote the development of China’s to non-governmental organization for building a harmonious society. This is the focus of this paper. Based on the problem of non-governmental organizations in China and causes, the paper explores their own level of non-governmental organizations to promote the development of a viable path for the building of a harmonious society from the environmental aspects, social and cultural environment level, Three Dimensions of non-governmental organizations. Only in this way, can China non-governmental organizations overcome the obstacles to its development constraints, play a positive role in building a harmonious society, and contribute their efforts for the building of a harmonious society.更多还原