【作者】 杨露露；

【导师】 汪忠；

【作者基本信息】 南京师范大学 ， 生物课程与教学论， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 校本课程开发(School-based curriculum development，简称SBCD)是我国当前课程改革的重要内容之一。长期以来，由于集权化的课程管理体制占主导地位，限制或扼杀了每一所学校课程开发和管理的自主权。有鉴于此，此次课程改革从一开始就把解放每一所学校视为促进每一个学生个性健全发展的前提。本次课程改革可预见的成就是学校文化的繁荣。因此，走向校本在我国教育发展中具有历史意义。本研究运用教育文献分析法、教育调查法和教育观察法等，对国内外的校本课程理论现状，我国生物校本课程开发中的目标、种类、与学校教育理念的关系以及选择的依据、内容的呈现形式、资源的利用状况等作了具体的调查与分析，经比较分析发现我国生物校本课程开发特别是内容这部分存在着许多问题。在实际的课程开发中，笔者发现生物校本课程开发的程序不够规范、对学生参与校本课程内容选择的重视程度不够、生物校本课程内容的呈现形式的多样化不够以及选择内容时对资源的利用不如人意等。除此以外还有学校对校本课程的重视程度不够、研究力量相对薄弱、教师专业素养等问题。笔者通过分析得出三个结论：一是需要对校本课程进行深入研究，建议规范校本课程开发的程序，并提出了一个校本课程开发程序供教师参考；二是阐明了教师应是校本课程开发的主力军，建议教师要积极转变角色适应校本课程开发，并建议为促进教师专业发展提供支持，如校本培训；三是进一步丰富校本课程的内容，建议内容选择遵循三个原则——目标性、适切性和生活性，并建议学生参与校本课程内容的选择。更多还原

【Abstract】 School-based curriculum development(ab.SBCD)is an important part of the new curriculum reform now in China. The independent right of curriculum development and curriculum management had been confined by the centralization of the curriculum right for a long time. So it should be the premise of the new curriculum reform that liberating the schools to promote each student to develop all-round. The achievement we can foresee is the prosperity of schools. Therefore, the SBCD would make great sense.In this study some methods were used such as analysis on education literature, education investigation, education observation, and so on. First, the current theories on biology SBCD were reviewed. Then, some investigations and analysis were made on many aspects of biology SBCD, mainly concluding aims, sorts, and the relation between the curriculum and the education philosophy of schools, as well as how to select the contents of the curriculum, how to organize them, and the current using status of the curriculum resources. By comparison, the results were shown that there were many problems in the practice of SBCD, especially in contents of the curriculum. For example, many teachers didn’t obey the steps of the SBCD, many schools didn’t consider much on SBCD, the diversification of the biology SBCD was less, and many teachers didn’t know how to use the resources effectively. Additionally, a little work was done on the SBCD, and the professional qualities of the teachers were poor.At the end of this study three conclusions were brought out. The first is that the SBCD should be intensively studied, and accordingly some suggestions were given on the steps of the SBCD and a regular flow chart of the SBCD was also shown. Secondly, teachers should play an important role to develop the curriculum and change their roles to suit the development of the curriculum. Schools should provide some supports with teachers. For example, teachers should take school-based training which could promote the teachers’ professional development. The last one is to enrich the contents of the school-based curriculum. The selection of the contents may follow three laws, objective, suitable and vital. Also, students were suggested to take part in the choosing of the contents.更多还原