现代政府的契约规则和契约文化

【作者】 徐宝来；

【导师】 金太军；

【作者基本信息】 南京师范大学 ， 行政管理， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 现代民主政府的合法性来源于民众的意愿，因而如何有效地反映民众的意愿就成为现代民主理论与政府理论的核心问题之一。本文通过研究契约规则和契约文化来找出能更好的反映民众意愿的机制，为现代政府提高理论依据。一般说来，对契约规则的衡量主要有两个标准：一是政府决策是否能尽可能多地反映民众的意愿，代表他们的利益，即代表率。二是政府能否在完成其职能责任的基础上及可能减少运行成本。布坎南的理论揭示了代表率和成本大小之间的对应关系。本文在此基础上，采用净收益标准分析多数通过规则的思路，进一步分析了立宪的变量以及契约规则的内生自变量，得出超多数规则与协商式政府模式相结合才是适应现代契约政府的要求的范式。另外，本文还重点讨论了社会文化尤其是政治文化对构建契约政府的作用，初步分析了适合契约政府要求的契约文化的特质。提出契约规则与契约文化的和谐共存发展才能使契约政府更好地反映民众的意愿，代表民众的利益。本文运用以布坎南的理论为代表的成本收益法作为主要研究方法，对契约规则与契约文化之间的关系也做了尝试性的探讨。更多还原

【Abstract】 Legitimacy of the modern democratic government originates from public’s wish, the wish as a result how effectively to reflect public becomes one of modern democratic theory and government theory core problem. The main body of this paper is passed studying the contract finds out the mechanism being able to reflect public wish more well coming contract rules and culture, is that the modern government improves the theory basis.Generally speaking, the measurement to contract rules mainly has two standards: If the government decision-making can reflect public’s wish, represent their benefit, be representative rate as far as possible much first. The second is that government being able to go ahead and may fall off in the basis accomplishing whose function responsibility or not runs cost. Buchanan’s theory has revealed the correspondence relation between the size representing rates and cost. What’s more, the main body of this paper has concentrated on having discussed society culture especially politics culture to the effect structuring the contract government, the first step has analyzed the particularity being suitable to the contract culture that the contract government demands. That the harmony bringing forward contract regulation and contract culture coexists developing ability makes the contract government reflect public’s wish better, benefit representing a public’s. The cost avails law the main body of this paper is applied to take Buchanan’s theory as representative is main research method, investigation and discussion having also made trial to the relation between contract regulation and contract culture.更多还原