现代汉语婚恋类表达的语义研究

【作者】 刘文佳；

【导师】 李葆嘉；

【作者基本信息】 南京师范大学 ， 语言学及应用语言学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 在汉语配价语法研究中，至今仍有不少问题悬而未解，而分歧最多的几乎都是一些交互动词。迄今为止，对交互动词专门研究的论文只有四五篇。本文以语义语法学理论为指导，吸收和借鉴相关方法和研究成果，以婚恋类交互动词为对象，以典型动词“结婚”为样本，分析婚恋类表达的语义角色并建构句模。第一步，从北京大学现代汉语语料库抽取相关动词及其用例，基于语义框架对一般交互动词进行了重新界定，排除了其他学者认为是交互动词，其实并非表交互动作(表关系、位置、名称、相称、相同、相似、重复、不同、相接、相合、相交、分离)的动词39个。然后根据新的定义，从《现代汉语词典》选取出162个交互动词，并根据其语义特点分为七大类(交谈、交往、协作、婚恋、争斗、分离、交换)和36小类。第二步，将婚恋类交互动词分为七大语义类别(相爱、定亲、成婚、分居、做爱、偷情、仳离)，并对38个婚恋类交互动词的例句进行语义角色标注。第三步，以典型动词“结婚”为样本，分析了婚恋类表达的核心角色(施事、与事)、边缘角色(时间、处所、方式、范围、感受、因事)和情态范畴(时体、评估、语气)，建立了承担这些语义角色的词语的聚合义场，并对典型词语进行义征分析。第四步，考察了婚恋类表达的组合模式，以“结婚”为例建构了交互动词的三类基干句模(施事+介词+与事+结婚；单向型施事(隐含与事)+结婚；双向型主体(施事+与事)+结婚)，依据{[(动词+核心角色)+边缘角色]+情态范畴}的模式，建构了一种和两种类型边缘语义角色同现的扩展句模。本研究坚持定性和定量、内省和例证相结合的研究方法，推进和细化了现代汉语交互动词的研究，为其他动词句模的建构提供了参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 In Chinese valence grammar study, there are still many issues which remain unresolved, and most of differences are involved in interactive verb. So far there are only four or five research papers which are about interactive verb. Based on semantic grammatical theory, relevant methods and research results is absorbed and used for reference. Verb of Love category for interactive objects, the typical verb "marriage" as a sample, the semantic role of Love category expression is analyzed, and then the sentences mode is constructed.Firstly, correlated verbs and their examples is taken from Modern Chinese Corpus from Beijing University. Based on semantic framework, general interactive verb is redefined. Meanwhile, thirty nine interactive action verbs are excluded, which other scholars think they are interactive verbs but actually they are not, such as the verbs denoted relationship, location, name, match, sameness, similarity, repeat, difference, anastomosis, consistency, intersection and separation. Based on the new definition, 162 interactive verbs are selected from the "Modern Chinese Dictionary", and then classified to seven categories (conversation, intercourse, cooperation, love, struggle, separation, exchange) and 36 subcategories according to their characteristics. Secondly, love class is classified to seven semantic categories (love, engagement, marriage, separation, making love, moonlight affair, divorce). Moreover, the examples of thirty eight interactive verbs about love class are labeled according to semantic role. Thirdly, taken typical verb "marriage" as stylebook, several parts are analyzed, such as the expression of the core role of the Marriage (fossilized, and things) margins (time, the premises, methods, scope, feelings, events), and modal areas (body when assessing tone), a bear market terms polymerization justice is established, and then the typical phrases are analyzed semantically. Lastly, combination mode of love class expression is inspected, and then taken "marriage" as an example, three interactive verb basic sentence modes (agentive case + preposition + with the matter +marriage; single direction kind agentive case (with the implied matter) + marriage; double direction main body(agentive case +with the matter) + marriage) are constructed. Based on the mode of {[(verb + core role) + marginal role] + modal category}, extended sentence mode of one and two kinds marginal semantic role is designed.The research method which combines qualitative, quantitative, introspection and examples is persisted in this paper, and modern Chinese interactive verb study is boosted and refine, moreover it provides a reference for the construction of other verb sentence mode.更多还原