江苏省优秀青少年田径后备人才发展状况及对策研究

【作者】 刘飞；

【导师】 陶于；

【作者基本信息】 南京师范大学 ， 体育教育训练学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 田径是当今以奥运会为最高形式的大型综合性赛事的一个大项，竞技体坛素有“得田径、游泳者得天下”之说。近年来，我国的竞技体育飞速发展，但与美国、俄罗斯等世界体育强国相比，我们的田径项目仍处于明显的劣势。我们不乏优秀的青少年运动员，有的甚至在国际大赛中都有过不俗表现，但一进入成年，其中的很大一部分在国际上就不具有竞争力。江苏是我国的经济大省、文化大省。多年来，江苏的体育工作者不断努力，竞技体育取得了令人瞩目的成绩，但我们的田径运动也屡次出现上述现象。为此，我们将曾在青少年时期取得过优异运动成绩的运动员成长经历作一集合，分析其中的不足，以便为后备人才的培养提供参考。通过对江苏省不同地区(苏南、苏中、苏北)、不同类型学校(体校、体育传统校、普通中学)110余名运动员和50余名相关教练员的调查，我们发现：江苏优秀青少年田径后备人才的分布呈现出明显的项目差异；专项训练年龄、初创优异成绩训练年限差距较大；训练途径单调，经费紧张；选材、训练的科学化程度不高；教练员的训练动机及业务能力有待改进；优秀青少年田径后备人才的流向以高校占绝对地位，后继的运动成绩发展状况不容乐观。并根据发现的问题提出相关对策更多还原

【Abstract】 The event of track and field is one of the biggest events in present comprehensive sports meeting as Olympic Games. There is a view in sports field said You will win if you gain more in the events of swimming and track and field. In recent years, we have made great progress in sports , but we still have a long way to go in the event of track and field, because we have a obvious disparity with America and Russia. We ever had lots of outstanding youngsters in the event of track and field who had perfect performance even in international sports meeting, but low competitive ability in adulthood.Jiangsu is a huge province in economy and culture in China. Although we have got outstanding performance in sports with the continuous hard work of sports workers in the past years, the phenomenon like above came up frequently. Therefore, we get those who ever got outstanding performance in the event of track and field in young people times together. To analysis their developing experience and find shortcomings in order to give some reference for the reserve-talented persons’ training.After our investigation of more than 110 athletes and 50 relative coaches from different schools (sports schools, sports traditional schools and common schools) in different areas (south Jiangsu, middle Jiangsu and north Jiangsu ), we find as follows: the outstanding young reserve-talented persons in track and field distributed imbalanced in different programs; there was obvious difference in the ages of starting special training and the years between starting special training and first creating excellent performance; ways of training were monotonous and the funds was anxious; scientific level of selection and training was not so high; training motive and professional abilities of coaches need improvements; major part of these outstanding track and field reserve-talented persons flow to universities after graduate; the following performances of special programs make us anxious. Finally we give countermeasures for what we’ve found.更多还原