【作者】 王伟；

【导师】 黄凤志；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 国际政治， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 20世纪90年代,冷战结束,美国以一超独霸的姿态问鼎世界政坛,其霸权战略也由冷战时期的争夺霸权转向后冷战时代的护持霸权。本文用“三三制”的框架结构,力图以纵、横交叉的分析方法来考察冷战后美国的霸权合法性程度。具体展开为,在纵向上,研究美国冷战后十几年的对外政策及其参与的国际行动;在横向上,从政治、经济、军事等诸多方面探究美国参与国际行动的动机。在分析中,可以看出,美国虽然在谋求霸权合法化方面做出一定努力,但在国际行动中却时常显露出霸权主义的狰狞,追求权力的合法性只不过成为美国谋求霸业的工具。在一次次单边主义国际行动后,美国的霸权将最终走向衰落。全文共分三个部分:第一部分对冷战后美国可供选择的三种霸权护持方式进行比较分析;第二部分从三个方面来审视冷战后美国为谋求其霸权合法化所做出的努力;第三部分对冷战后美国霸权合法化程度从三个层面做出评估。更多还原

【Abstract】 In 1990s, the United States won the Cold War, becoming the unique superpower of the world, facing to build up the ages of global hegemony. Facing the advantageous international situation,holding the hegemony position is becoming basic benefits of the United States; becoming the legal leader of the world is the most important foreign policy in the United States. For holding the hegemony longer, the United States has three choices. First is the way of Compulsive hegemonism, another is the way of Legitimacy leader, third is Admixture of hard and soft policies. The men incline to the way of Compulsive hegemonism suggested that, the United States depended on its unique superpower, can do anything as it likes. For its interests, the United States can use its military power to strike enemy countries. The men incline to the way of Legitimacy leader suggested that, the United States should create a "kindness of hegemony" by international society approval. This way can not only reduce the cost of maintaining the American hegemony, but also give the United States more national interests. The way can also make the United States get the respect of the world, and make American hegemony keep longer. The men incline to Admixture of hard and soft way suggested that, America’s interests are higher than other nations; and the United States should use hard and soft power to control other nations. That is to say, on the one hand the United States should help other nations; on the other hand the United States can use its military power freely. According to the theory of nation is rational, and cost- income analysis, the effect of the way of Legitimacy leader is much better than of the other ways. With the advantage of the low cost and high income, the way of Legitimacy leader is becoming the best choice of holding America hegemony after Cold War.After Cold War, the men cline to the way of Legitimacy leader put forward three suggestions for long-last the maintenance of the United States hegemony position of the world: First is to strengthen the idea approval, spread the American cultural concept; second is to enhance the benefits accredit, acquire a figure as a responsible country in the world public management; third is to make the system foundation more consolidated, acquire the support of the international powers. In the course of investigating the United States foreign policy and its international activities after Cold War, we can observe that the United States made quite a lot of efforts on it. The United States leaders gave positive attitude in the aspects of spreading its cultural value after Cold War; and they strive to impel the non- democracy political powers to transfer toward the democracy political powers, to increase the quantity of the democratic nations of the world. American will become the Legitimacy leader of the democratic world. In world public management, the America’s attitude is more positive. The United States plays a very important role in world public management as the strongest country in the comprehensive strength. The United States likes to play a responsible country in the international community, to participate the world public management aggressively; and let its foreign policy and the implement of the international activities get more approbation from other nations in the world. Generally speaking, the international institutional establishment is compromised by the international sociality, is a consentient result, having the certain legitimacy. If the international activity of a nation can launch under the norm of the international system, it will get the acknowledgement of the international society by all means. The United States takes action under the frame of the international system, hoping to acquire the international support with its action.However, the United States didn’t carry out the policy of getting the acknowledgement of the world with the legal path constantly in the process of seeking legalize its hegemony. With its highest power position, the United States’foreign policy and its international activity often rear power politics and expose its true essence of the hegemonism. Evaluating the three paths that the United States hegemony seeks to legalize, we can know that once the current actuality national interests of the United States colliding with the aim of acquiring the world legal leadership target, the United States always chooses the current actuality national interests, and carry out the single side doctrine policy. It includes expanding the cultural concept or value of the United States toward some nations of the world constrainedly; neglect the global public benefits for the sake of the nation’s security and the growth of its economic power; sometimes even do not hesitate to resist with the existing international system for the sake of the American self-interest. Facing the United States hegemonism behavior shown out in international society after Cold War, we can get a conclusion, although the way of Legitimacy leader was a good method for the United States, it didn’t carry it out successfully. In the End, the United States would lose the trust of the international society in single side of hegemonism action, its hegemony will come down because it is less of legitimacy.更多还原