【作者】 任惠萍；

【导师】 姚梅芳；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 会计学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 建设信用社会是当前我国建设小康社会的一个重要方面,科技信用作为信用的一个重要的组成部分,其评价体系和管理模式对于我国的科技活动的管理是非常重要的。建立我国科技领域信用管理体系,规范方法体系,构建制度体系,提出实施方案和科技信用管理的基本模式,是撰写本文的主要目的。本文首先在分析国内外科技信用研究现状和管理现状的基础上,结合我国的具体情况,对科技信用主体及其在科技活动中的相关行为进行了研究,给出科技失信行为的宏观和微观表现,并指出了科技失信的经济和制度方面的原因;其次构建了科技信用评价体系,包括评价指标体系和评价方法体系,并结合具体案例进行阐述;最后提出了吉林省科技信用管理制度及实施方案。更多还原

【Abstract】 Credit is a given trust for delivering the goods. It indicates that credit comes from the usury, occurred at the disorganization of primitive society. With the appearance of private ownership and the divider of the rich and the poor, it is possible to provide the activity of debit and credit for different economic individual. Credit exists in the form of goods before the emergence of currency. It exists in the form of goods and currency after the occurrence of currency.With the development of dividing the work and the deepening of the exchanging activities, people have big venture than ever. At this time, social credit developed from individuals to organizations, simple exchanging credit to advanced modem financial credit, which called national credit. The academic study on credit is primary focus on commerce credit, enterprise credit and currency credit. As a process of the creation for knowledge, it is possible to input enormous human and substance resources, and knowledge and information resources, which as a middle product. So S&T activities can also be regarded as an input-output behavior, which makes intelligent products. That is to say it can product more outputs with little inputs. Now we can conclude that contingency, complexity, time-lapsing, blurry results and depending upon the community are the characters of science and technology.Science and technology credit is different from other normal credit because of its particularity. So Science and technology credit is a professional credit for people and organizations, engage in science and technology activities, and it is a elevation to ability and performance of complying with promise, performing the contracts and generally received rules for managers, executor, elevators and other main bodies. To be practical and realistic, keep one’s promise, respect other’s knowledge rights and something else are all included. Science and technology credit includes performing promised obligation and complying with the rules generally received. The former is the basic request of the conception of credit, the latter is aimed at the characters of science and technology activities.With the development of socialistic market economy, especially after entering the WTO, credit system has become one of the most important soft-environment in modern market economy. It affects and decides the development of environment from many aspects. As one aspect of the credit system, the study on science and technology credit is also very important. What we study is to build an institution of science and technology credit, compose management platform, design the system of index and provide corresponding measures and suggestions. It is significative to do this research at the aspects of theory and practice.Firstly, the study on the system of science and technology credit abroad is mainly emphasized on its history. And we still don’t find the paper about it. So it is innovative to do the research on it.Secondly, though there are some researches relate to science and technology credit, they are mainly about the countermeasure. However, my research begins with phenomena, date, and builds the corresponding system of collecting information. Finally, we can make sure the method of estimate via analyzing and dealing with date and the system of indexes. What we do is to make sure it can solve the practical problems and be more integrally.Thirdly, it is short of deep research on the management of science and technology credit theory in nation, and it can be summarized as fellows. The first one is to design the whole management system of science and technology credit. The second one is to build the platform for the management information of science and technology credit. The third one is to design the corresponding indexes and estimating method. The fourth one is to perfect the effective system and countermeasure for new conditions. The paper tries to explore the above problems, in order to build the management model which is suitable for our situation.We expatiate on the matter from the follow aspects, including the research steps and the result provided.Firstly, we analyze the actuality of science and technology credit in nation, and point out the main problems. We summarize the thing about credit abroad before researching on its actuality. There are two mainly thought support for the credit. The one is its traditional culture, namely Christ culture. The other one is its perfect law system. We summarize the fruits about the science and technology credit, before we study on the actuality in nation. And then we finger out the keystone. That is the theory research on the characters of main bodies, behaviors and mechanism, the model and the method related on the information of the main bodies and the surroundings and law issues.Secondly, we study the function of the main bodies during the whole science activities, and the relationship between them. We also summarize the mostly behaves and its reason through analyzing those functions. Finally, we think the main reasons are information is asymmetry, the property right system is not perspicuity and the system is not whole. The exhibitions of breaking faith are the behaviors are not according with the compact for personal and impersonal factors, and finally it effect on the result of science activities.Thirdly, we design the indexes, build the estimating method and make the ranks. At the aspect of designing indexes, we design the estimating indexes for executor, estimator and governor in turn, which focus on the main bodies. At the aspect of estimating method, we use the expert-grade as the basic method, and make compositive analysis by combining the whole science activities. At the aspect of plotting the ranks, there are five ranks for executor, and the fellow two can make the reference with the first one.Fourthly, we build the arrangement of system and explore the model of management. At the aspect of arrangement of system, we talk about it from the fellow sides: the mechanism to put into practice, the condition to run effectively and the utensil arrangement of system. In the field of utensil arrangement of system, we can do it as follow: making the criterion for science and technology personnel, establishing the corresponding indexes system, estimating method, information shared platform and punish mechanism. At the respect of management model designing, we expatiate on it from the instruct thought, mainly assignment, basic target, organization and guidance, step to put into practice and the result of credit. In order to improve the system of management in the field of science and technology, we give some suggestions as follow. Firstly, the government should allay the fulsome intervene and the monopolization of science and technology resources, disjoin the government and science, make science and technology community and knowledge market to be the main body in adjusting and ruling the behaviors of science and technology. Secondly, we can use the foreign experience for reference, expedite the legalism for science and technology credit and general credit, and restrict the discreditable behaviors by rules. Thirdly, it is necessary to make science and technology credit and general credit integratively, encourage building the platform for information. Fourthly, it is also important to strengthen the education in science and technology ethic, and open the professional courses for graduate students.In the future, we should improve our tasks on collecting basic information, setting up the database, elevating methods and indexes, and build the institution made by elevating professions, finally perfect the system of science and technology credit. Meanwhile, to extend the range in science and technology management in all science and technology plans, great items and the platform of basic conditions. And finally a fresh complexion of science and technology credit will be built in our society, which makes the academic field more precise, true and honesty.更多还原