【作者】 王雨；

【导师】 李玉潭；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 世界经济， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 中小企业是国民经济的重要组成部分,已经引起各国政府的广泛关注。随着经济全球化步伐不断加快、国际竞争日趋激烈,提高中小企业技术创新能力,增强其国际竞争力是中小企业加快发展的必由之路。本文从技术创新理论入手,以日本中小企业技术创新为研究对象,重点从日本国家制度和企业制度两个方面,分析国家宏观政策和企业微观政策对促进技术创新的作用,在此基础上,针对中国中小企业技术创新现状和存在的问题,提出加快我国中小企业技术创新的对策建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 The problem of medium and small-sized enterprises has been a subject for long and is cosmopolitan. It is with the change of times and the existence of human. Amount of medium and small-sized enterprises exist in no matter capital country or developing country. The technology innovation of medium and small-sized enterprises has caught every country’s eyes and it will have more and more functions and make the medium and small-sized enterprises become an important power in the world economic competition.This article has four sections. The first section gives the conception, main style and basic characteristics of Technology Innovation. According to the Technology Innovation conception research of domestic and abroad academia after Schumpeter brought forward“innovation”, we can sum the Technology Innovation conception as: Technology Innovation is an integrated course of steps technological economic activity which take the enterprise as the principal part, take the market as the pilot, take improving enterprise economic profit, strengthening market competition ability and cultivate new economic increasing point as the goal and take innovation conceive and the market successful fulfillment as the basic characteristic. It is made up of a set such as new conceive producing, research and develop, middle test, commercialized producing, marketing sales and diffusion and so on. The main content shows on: (1) Creation and improvement of new products, new producing craftworks and method. (2) Effective developing and utilizing of resources. (3) Inventing and utilizing of new technology (including producing and managing technology). (4) Exploring and occupying of new need and new market.The second section analyze the country system of Japanese Government accelerate medium and small-sized enterprise to innovate technology. Firstly, research and analyze the country programming which has tactic meaning of continuously practice“Industry Rationalization Program”,“Times the Income of Citizen Program”and new technology revolution. After the Second War, Japan introduced foreign advanced technology to catch up with America and Europe. In the early more than thirty years after the war, Japan took the first place in the field of introducing foreign advanced science and technology all the time. Excess finished the Times Program, Japanese economic existed continuous 57 months glory which is called Izanagi Prosperity. The prosperous term created the longest record after war and Japan became the second economic country while his financial strength exceeded the United German in 1968.After that, I analyzed the system support of Japanese Government in law, organization framework, finance and tax, technology support, credit insurance, risk investment and the combination of official, study and research. At last, give all these policies the subjective opinions.The third section mainly analyzes the support in the enterprise itself to the technology innovation in Japanese medium and small-sized enterprises. Firstly, introduce Japanese imitative technology innovation pattern. It has three steps: the first step is to innovation of absorbing and assimilating the introduced technology, then come to the second step with the certain base, to combine absorb and assimilate with self-innovate, the third step is the innovating activity mainly with the self-innovate. And then, mainly analyze support to technology innovation of the interior system from microcosmic sight in Japanese medium and small-sized enterprises from enterprise system, enterpriser diathesis, education and training, encouraging system, employ for life system, enterprise culture and living environment, etc. The comparable perfect modern enterprise system, the enterpriser with auspicate power, strengthen the interior education and training, establish the effective encouraging system, crate special enterprise culture and other innovation systems are the guarantee of improving developing the medium and small-sized enterprises. At last, after analyze the problem of enterprise interior system, point out the sequence the problem gave.The fourth section gives some suggestions for improving Chinese medium and small-sized enterprises technology innovation by using the Japanese experiences and connecting with our own reality. According to the relative problems exist in the developing of Chinese medium and small-sized enterprises that illogical enterprise system, lacking of capital and talents, unhealthy law protection, give the suggestions for improving our own medium and small-sized enterprises.According to the fact that China is in the primary level of socialism marketing economic, using Japanese experiences, the method which use imitative model under the government leading and take the path of introduce– absorb– innovate is comparably accord with China developing the medium and small-sized enterprises. The government should take necessary administrative means, create an environment fits for technology innovation and quicken the step of self-innovate.We should use Japanese experiences and think much of law protection for medium and small-sized enterprises technology innovation. We should guarantee the medium and small-sized enterprises with law style and make it form comparatively independent law system of medium and small-sized enterprises. Medium and small-sized enterprises must carry scientific managing, transfer the manage idea, give up the casual management of experience style, casual style and genearch autarchy style and establish scientific modern enterprise system to consummate the encouraging and supervising system in enterprise.Encourage developing high and new-tech, establish effective risk investment system. For consummating the socialized service system, it must mobilize all social power and fully organize social resources. Through establishing perfect training system, practice training according to levels and steps in order to train expert talents for engaging in the technology innovation for medium and small-sized enterprises. Only guarantee the quantity and quality of innovation talents in medium and small-sized enterprises, accelerate fully the development of medium and small-sized enterprises.Lead and promote medium and small-sized enterprises taking part in the international communication and cooperation, it is the important method for Chinese medium and small-sized enterprises entering international market, taking part in the international competition, learning foreign advanced technology and management experiences and is also the method for improving the exploring international market ability for medium and small-sized enterprises. Using Japanese experiences, the government establishes some service agents of providing market information, technology, attractive business and investment, law consultation for medium and small-sized enterprises abroad and provide the service for medium and small-sized enterprises in order to improve the competition ability of medium and small-sized enterprises in the international market.更多还原