【作者】 董存胜；

【导师】 周光辉；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 政治学理论， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 浪漫主义通过在认识论层面把行动的“我”由启蒙的“不在场”状态移至原点地位,从而把自我概念从启蒙的既定存在转化为活生生爱着的、自己决定自己的意志创造活动。以此为出发点,浪漫主义认为政治价值来源于自我的创造,而非启蒙思想设想的由共同人性合乎逻辑地推导出来的真理性命题。浪漫主义由此产生相对于启蒙运动的全新的、对后世产生重要影响的关于政治价值性质的观念:把人联结为政治共同体的是情感,而非工具理性;以内省的政治价值标准反抗启蒙的外部有效性的政治价值标准;以多元价值之间的不可通约性主张反对启蒙的价值和谐理想。更多还原

【Abstract】 The political values on a certain meaning come from people’s understanding and explaining about ego, and the difference of knowledge on origination of political values causes the disparity of understanding about the quality of political values. From the direction of political thought development, Romanticism changed means of putting question to those aspects, and brought essential concept transform that makes people to speculate.The Enlightenment thinkers generally thought that political values are reality truth with external validity which is deduced from common human nature and by perspicuity mathematics reasoning method. But Romanticism criticized the Enlightenment political values concept. Their criticism based on the epistemology route that was opposition against that of Enlightenment thinkers. That is Romanticism wasn’t from objectivity to subjectivity, but regarded recognizing objects as ego’s subjective cognizing activity .Thus it thought the Enlightenment disciplinarian by way of knowledge is established by ego internally and is not concrete, the Enlightenment political values can not be found in so-called knowledge reflected disciplinarian.For Romanticism, ego is the first reason which decides experiential world prospect and its meaning. This kind of ego is will activity that self brings up self, self creates self own values and aims and is responsible for them. The internal basis and impetus of free will’s tending to good is the sensibility of love of ego which regards itself as objective. This kind of ego not only includes individual, but also includes community such as state, nationality. Political values root in ego’s creating. In political community, every one should come back to inner free sensibility field. Pouring outwards and dispensation each other of self-decided love let all community members contacted, ensuring personal freedom and making political community to become self-shaping action entity. The true political community such as state or nationality is just collectivity invented artwork, is just the course of collectivity inventing.The understanding and annotation of Romanticism about the quality of political values differs from that of Enlightenment. It embodies three aspects. Firstly, Romanticism deemed it is the sensibility but not ration of Enlightenment that couples individuals into political community. The ideal political community is organic sensibility community with internal value. Secondly, Romanticism defied external validity standard of political values of Enlightenment by using introspective standard of political values. It was important for Romanticism that self-devotion spirit with responsibility for ideal, psychic chasteness and spontaneity, freedom of self bringing up self. Romanticism argued against the values whether which could be realized is determined by conditions we can’t control completely, such as, happiness, wealth, success, equality based on common human nature, etc. The introspective standard of political values of Romanticism weightily impacts modern political thinking mode that detaches fact and value. Thirdly, Romanticism defied the values’harmonious ideal of Enlightenment by using the opinion of multiplex values that can’t be compared. Romanticism thought it is impossible comparing people’s different values and life styles. Liberalism absorbs inspiration from this Romanticism opinion, defending freedom by the way of regarding it as moral right with inner good.At last, I simply discuss the political dilemma opened out by the difference understanding of Enlightenment and Romanticism about political values: The good or justice of public system against public system’s ability to adjust conflicts.更多还原