【作者】 王伟；

【导师】 滕玉梅；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 外国语言学及应用语言学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 英语的国际化地位打破了以英国英语为中心的一体化格局,在全球范围内形成了各具特色的多种英语变体,带有明显的本土政治﹑经济和文化特征。世界英语的研究者认为,英语在世界范围内的广泛使用造就了英语的多元化,使之拥有了多元的语言文化身份和广阔的跨文化交际的语境,不同的语言约定和文化传统被移植到世界各类英语变体之中。随着学英语热在中国的不断升温,中国语言和文化与英语的融合现象又是怎样呢?在外语教学方面又应如何处理呢?对以上问题的认识和思考,意识到中国英语变体研究的必要性,正是本文形成的目的和初衷。中国英语变体指的是被具有中国语言和文化背景的人普遍使用,带有汉语语言和文化特征,能完成语言使用目的,并被其他语言和文化背景的英语使用者接受的英语变体。本文对中国英语变体的语言和文化研究是对中国英语的特征研究。本文基于Kachru的三个同轴圈理论,在社会语言学的理论框架中构建一个三维语境网络来描述和阐释中国英语变体。三维指的是时间﹑空间和功能。从时间纬度来观察,中国英语作为一种变体有着自己的发展史。此部分侧重介绍在不同历史时期对于外语教学的政策,由此体现在其发展过程中社会和历史所起的重要性。从空间纬度来看,中国英语变体的本土化特征体现在语言各个层面。此部分在词汇和语法层面都举例分析中英差异,体现中国英语变体是通过迁移作用把属于中国语言和文化的东西融进英语之中。而从功能纬度来研究,英语不仅在教育领域占有重要位置,在政治﹑外交﹑新闻﹑学术和商业等各个领域都发挥着前所未有的作用。这也是中国英语变体形成的重要因素。在对中国英语变体三维立体的阐释之后,又在教学环节进行了研究。首先是进行调查,了解当前学生对英语标准问题和中国英语变体的态度,调查结果并不乐观,学生对于中国英语变体知之甚少,甚至持否定态度。之后引入创新型教学模式,通过教学内容调整和方式上的变换,在保证达到听﹑说﹑读﹑写等教学目的的训练基础之上,使学生在学习过程中更多了解和自主去发现中国英语变体,开阔了眼界,丰富了对外语知识的了解。并且让学生知道,他们是中外文化交流的使者,学习英语不仅仅是个人掌握英语好与坏的问题,同时也是责任和使命,使同学们树立起民族自信心和自豪感。一段时间实践教学之后的调查问卷显示,学生对这一教学模式持肯定态度,能够正视中国英语变体问题,而且较之前更加积极投入到英语学习中。在以上调查研究基础之上,从理论和实践两个方面得到了启示。首先在对中国英语变体三维立体的研究之后,得出结论中国英语变体是世界英语家族中的重要一支,扮演越来越重要的角色,丰富了世界英语的内容。在讨论英语标准之后得出各类英语变体是一个动态发展的连续体,对Kachru的三个同轴圈理论进行了修正。其次对外语教学给出了一些建议和意见。除了前面提及的新教学模式的引入,还有一些在文化教育方面的建议。由于中国英语变体的出现很大程度上是中英文化差异造成的,中国英语是中国文化与英语语言相结合的产物,所以对中英文化的掌握程度也决定了能否准确运用英语表达自己的想法,尤其是要说明一些有中国特色的中国观念。比如对教材的改革,使学生可以对照学习中国文化和外国文化,达到不仅会用英语介绍国外文化的精髓,而且会用英语传播博大精深的中国文化;教师应转变教学观念,注重中国文化教育;帮助学生树立正确的文化观,避免交际中民族中心主义倾向;调整传统的师生关系,创建以学生为中心的课堂活动,培养学生的文化创造力等等。随着我们对中国英语变体研究的不断深入,中国在世界上的政治﹑经济地位的不断提高,中国英语在世界各类英语变体中的地位也将受到越来越多的中外学者的重视。本文研究的内容只是这一课题的冰山一角,还有很多的不足之处。希望能对中国英语变体的发展和研究起到一些作用,也希望更多的人参与到这一课题的研究中。这对于中国英语教学和中国文化的传播都是非常有意义的。更多还原

【Abstract】 The globalization of English causes the nativization of English in different regions. Different linguistic conventions and cultural traditions might be transplanted into different World Englishes. The present study of Chinese Varieties of English (CVE) is initiated by this purpose to find out the development of English in China and some theoretical and pedagogical implications.Chinese Varieties of English refers to English used by the speakers with Chinese linguistic and cultural background. It has the Chinese linguistic and cultural features. It can reach the aim of communication and can be accepted by English speakers with other linguistic and cultural backgrounds.In this paper, CVE has been described in the framework of the three-dimensional contextual network, which is based on sociolinguistic theories. The three dimensions refer to time, space and function. In the temporal dimension, it mainly describes the foreign language education policy in different historical periods, which illustrates the social and historical factors influencing the formation of CVE. In the spatial dimension, there are some obvious linguistic features caused by the transfer of the local languages and cultures into English. In the functional dimension we also observe the Chinese features in English since different kinds of nativization or deviations will be revealed in different functions.Based on the three-dimensional research it is the study of CVE in EFL (English as foreign language) teaching and learning. Firstly, there is an investigation to illustrate the students’attitude towards English Standard and CVE. Secondly, it is a survey of students’ability to express Chinese thoughts in English. After that an innovative teaching model is used to expose students to CVE and find out Chinese features in English themselves. It is the reflection on the results of the survey before and after the teaching model’s reform: communicative competence as a teaching aim.Then there are the implications both for sociolinguistic theories and EFL teaching and learning. The theoretical implications are that CVE enriches the World Englishes and World Englishes are in a continuum which revises Kachru’s model of three concentric circles based on the analysis of CVE in the three-dimensional contextual network. In addition to the innovative teaching reform introduced in the survey, other pedagogical implications mainly focus on the reform of the culture education which plays an important role in the cause of CVE, including correct attitudes towards the function of CVE, cultivation of students’proper outlook on cultures, integration of home culture and foreign culture teaching and so on.My study just touches a small part of the huge iceberg. It is hoped that the present preliminary study will lead to further studies in this area and will provide references for those who are also interested in this subject.更多还原