【作者】 孙峻岭；

【导师】 张辉； 石险峰；

【作者基本信息】 合肥工业大学 ， 仪器仪表工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 本文介绍了点型光电感烟火灾探测器的种类、产品检验标准，分析说明了其对黑烟响应迟钝、对固体／液体明火产生的小粒径粒子响应不灵敏，对一些非火灾气溶胶(如水蒸汽、雾、浮尘等)容易产生误报，同时介绍了国内外为解决这些问题进行研究取得的进展及实际应用的现状。本文重点介绍了散射理论中的瑞利散射、米散射、布里卡尔散射、散射角中的概念及与双向散射探测器设计有关推导结论，根据散射理论研究了散射型及减光型光电感烟探测器的原理与特性。从火灾探测能量模型出发研究、介绍了对非火灾因素进行辨识的各种方法。从Mie散射理论及实验两方面，比较了前向散射探测器与后向散射探测器的优缺点，改进设计了双向散射探测器及相对光强比算法，实现了对GB4715-2005规定的四种火的均衡响应。同时研究了双波段光电感烟探测器的设计，以进一步提高探测器对不同气溶胶粒子的响应性能。对于双向散射探测器电路各部分原理、与控制器的通讯协议、软件设计、低功耗设计及双向散射光学探测室的结构设计等关键技术的实现进行了详细的分析、说明。给出了双向散射探测器及双波段探测器研制过程中各种试验的数据，并进行了详细的分析，对理论推导及设计实际效果提供验证。更多还原

【Abstract】 This article introduce the kind of point photoelectric smoke detectors and standards for testing production, analyse and show that this detector is’t sensitive to black smoke and little diameter particle produced from the solid or liquid fire, and send out false alarm after detecting some aerosol such as steam、fog、fly ash. This article introduce fruits of research made for solving this problems in CHINA and other country.This article introduce the conception of Rayleight scattering、Mie scattering、Optical scattering、scattering angle of scattering theory , and introduce deduction relate to the design of forward/backward scattering smoke detector, research the principle and characteristic of point smoke detectors using scattered light or transmitted light, research and introduce means for distinguish factors that are not fire from the model of fire energy detect..This article compare the forward scattering detector and backward scattering detector based on Mie Scattering Theroy and experimentation, design the forward/backward scattering smoke detector that can detect four kinds of test fire in GB4715-2005 and the algorithm about relative ratio of photo intensity.For enhancing to ,this article study the design of photoelectric smoke detecors using double wavelengths light.This article analyse and show the principle of circuit、the protocol communicating to the fire alarm unit、the design of software and realization of pivotal technique such as low power、optical chamber of forward/backward scattering smoke detector.This article supply data of experimentation in designing the photoelectric smoke eetecor using forward/backward scattered light or double wavelengths light to validate the deduction and actual effect.更多还原