游戏开发中的人工智能研究与应用

【作者】 胡俊；

【导师】 黄迪明；

【作者基本信息】 电子科技大学 ， 计算机应用技术， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 采用大量的游戏人工智能(Artificial intelligence AI)是使一款游戏鹤立鸡群的重要手段之一。高质量的游戏AI已经不再是为提高游戏运行速度才予以考虑的东西，它现在已是和图形或声音一样，成为游戏设计过程中的极为重要的一个部分，它还是阻碍游戏产品畅销的一个决定性因素。本文主要针对游戏开发过程中的人工智能技术进行研究，并在研究这些技术的基础上，结合实践中所做的项目，提出一个仿生机器人系统。该仿生机器人模拟人的生理结构，具有大脑、路径规划子系统、感知子系统、目标子系统、火控子系统等，各子系统通过完成各自不同的功能，一起组成整个仿生机器人系统。该仿生机器人系统充分利用了面向对象编程的思想，特别是面向对象编程开发中的组合(Composite)模式。组合模式的意图是将对象组合成树形结构以表示“部分—整体“的层次结构，并使得用户对单个对象和组合对象的使用具有一致性。基于这个组合模式，本文开发出一个基于任务驱动的AI控制系统，该控制系统能够模拟现实生物中人们思考问题，解决问题的方式，即由抽象到具体，整体到局部，逐层分解，逐步完成。这个AI控制系统不管是在游戏编程的过程中，还是在功能的开发，以及后期的调试，都显示出了巨大的灵活性，同时它也是仿生机器人的核心部分。同时该仿生机器人系统还将现实生活中的牛顿运动学定律运用到游戏中来，采用高效的A*启发式寻路算法，并在已有算法的基础上对其进行改进和优化，使游戏环境尽量表现的真实合理。消息机制的使用和对调试的支持，进一步增强了该仿生机器人系统的功能，也增加了该系统的灵活性。这个仿生机器人系统为游戏中的计算机控制角色提供了一个完美的解决方案，是一个功能强大、运行稳健、极易应用和扩展的系统，在实践中的应用也充分证明了这一点。更多还原

【Abstract】 The whole life of a human is just like a game, which is filled with a lot of unknown things. But a game can be saved and replay, when the human’s life cannot. The computer games can provide a simulative world that players can explore, think, and to do some thing in it, just like what they are going to do in his whole life. That is amazing. But for these computer game developers, how to develop a vivid and real like game is a big challenge. To use artificial intelligent technologies in a game is obviously a good ideal.Like the graphic and sound in a game, appling AI technologies is an important factor in game developping, which is going to be a critical factor for a game’s life.This thesis is based on my research and project experience about AI game system, and will focus on AI Technologies in game development. Furthermore it will bring forward a bionic robot system. This bionic robot system is just like a person, it has a brain, a sensory memory, a steering system, a path planner, a target system, a fire control system, and other selective subsystems. These subsystems have different functions and they cooperate to composite the whole robot.The bionic robot is an object oriented system, and is based on goal-driven AI control system. It uses the composite pattern in object oriented programming, which can make the computer resolve problems as a person does. Such as to decompose complex tasks to simple ones, analyze problems from abstract to concrete,general to partial,and then resolve them step by step from high to low level. This is a usable method for the game developing and debugging.In order to make the game vivid and rational to the best, the bionic robot introduces the Newton’s law of action and reaction to the game world, which let the robot’s action look reasonable. It also uses A* heuristic path-finding algorithm, which will carry on the optimization to the system.In practice, this Bionic Robot System has been used in more than one projects and acts very well.更多还原