【作者】 王新文；

【导师】 高羽飞；

【作者基本信息】 西安建筑科技大学 ， 市政工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来，虽然河南省政府对污水处理项目建设在政策和资金上给予了大力支持，但由于众多小城镇环保意识薄弱，经济实力有限，且没有适合的、成熟的污水处理技术。总体进展与省政府要求存在较大差距，小城镇污水处理设施建设滞后与污水排放量增加的矛盾日益突出。本研究借鉴国内外小城镇污水处理的先进经验，考虑多方面影响因素，经过技术、经济、运行管理等综合比较为河南省小城镇污水处理选择了处理方式。对可用工艺进行优缺点、适用范围等分析比较，结合河南省小城镇的实际情况，其污水处理工艺选择如下：有经济实力的小城镇可采用SBR，氧化沟，A~2／O等具有除磷脱氮的工艺，并优先考虑氧化沟工艺；处于发展阶段的小城镇，可采用化学—生物联合强化一级处理工艺，并预留二级处理的位置；经济欠发达、用地相对宽裕地区的小城镇，利用当地的洼地滩涂、荒地和低产地，采用人工湿地、稳定塘、土地处理等自然净化工艺。根据污水处理的运行管理指标及河南省污水运行成本的核算方法，考虑到运行中的设备管理、节能、运行工艺参数优化等问题，为将来河南省小城镇污水处理的运行管理提供合理化建议。借鉴国内外先进经验，结合河南省小城镇的具体情况，提出河南省小城镇污水处理资金的筹措办法：即依靠政府环保资金，利用国内、外贷款，增加污水治理费，及BOT、TOT等多元化和多样化的灵活筹集方式。为促进河南省小城镇污水处理工程的顺利进行，并保证其良性发展，本研究还建议完善相关的法律法规及行政政策，尤其是水价政策、污水处理和利用相关的优惠政策，制定一套完善的、有效的监督管理措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 Recently, most small towns make little of item construction about Wastewater treatment which make great difference between the total progress and demand of Henan province government, although the government has given more support on the policy and fund of it. This condition also makes the contravention stand out increasingly between delayed item construction and increasing drainage.Based on the large investigation, this paper offered the way of Wastewater treatment in small towns which depended on the advanced experiences in the world and the policies that combined technical, economic and running management considerations. By analyzing multiply advantage, shortcoming and suitable range, this paper put forward the following choices for process that combined the real conditions in small towns of Henan province: SBR, OD and A~2/O can be used in the prosperous that requirement removal of nitrogen and phosphorus, especially OD is prior to the others; primary process of united strengthening chemistry-biology can be used to developing towns, at same time the place of secondary treatment facility should be remained; in undeveloped area natural purification process can be used such as wetland, stabilization pond and sewage land treatment by using the low-lying land, low-producing and waste land in locality.According to the management index of Wastewater treatment and cost business of Henan, this paper posed reasonable suggestions for small towns of Henan province by relating the experiences in the world and considering the problems of facility management, saving energy process parameter optimizing in the course of running.Based on the large quantity investment and analyzing on the fund source and raising of Wastewater treatment in small towns of the world, this paper put forward the many-faceted and varied methods to settle the shortage of fund connected with the conditions of Henan that are relying on government fund of environment, using loan in the world, increasing Wastewater treatment control cast, BOT and TOT.In order to promote the Wastewater treatment engineering to be in process smoothly and develop well in small towns of Henan province, this paper also suggested perfecting the related law, regulations and policies. Especially, this paper suggested perfecting polices about water price, Wastewater treatment and reused, and to formulate a perfect and valid controlled management measures.更多还原