【作者】 谢含华；

【导师】 殷琨；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 地质工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 贯通式潜孔锤反循环连续取心(样)钻进技术由吉林大学建设工程学院自主研发,是集潜孔锤碎岩、流体介质反循环、钻进中连续获取岩矿心(样)三项先进技术于一体的钻进技术。贯通式潜孔锤反循环连续取心(样)钻进技术是潜孔锤钻进技术的发展方向之一。吉林大学建设工程学院已经顺利完成了地质调查局项目“西部复杂条件下高效钻探技术研究与开发”,其工作内容为“贯通式取心(样)潜孔锤钻探技术在固体矿产勘探中的应用研究”。本论文为“贯通式取心(样)潜孔锤钻探技术在固体矿产勘探中的应用研究”项目的后续研究。借助波动理论,凿岩理论等冲击钻进动力学理论,系统分析了冲击能量以应力波的形式在岩石中的传播机制以及岩石在动静载荷下的凿入特性;结合岩石断裂力学和岩石损伤力学等固体力学理论对冲击载荷下岩石动力学特性进行分析;借助有限元软件ANSYS对钻头齿和岩石作用机理进行数值模拟,运用数值模拟分析的结果,分析了影响取心长度的因素,对钻头结构进行了优化设计,对下一步进行冲击回转试验研究具有一定的指导意义。为了研究冲击功、冲击频率、钻压、转速、钻头结构和齿形对碎岩效果及获取岩心长度的影响,揭示冲击回转的碎岩过程和机理,以及验证有限元分析的相关结果,特设计了模拟冲击回转碎岩的试验装置。更多还原

【Abstract】 The application of the DTH reverse circulation drilling technology in rock and soil drilling engineering is gradually catching people’s eyes. It is looked as a new technology after diamond drilling technology and is one of the technologies which have most application scope. The technology of chip continually removal by reverse circulation of DTH is one of directions of DTH drilling technology development. This technology centralizes three merits of drilling technology which include DTH fracturing rock, fluent removal by reverse circulation and continually obtaining sample in drilling. This technology uses double-well drilling poles. The air-condensed is put into drilling hole through the gap of double-well drilling pole ,the waste air expelled from DTH working is returned to ground carrying rock grain through the core of double-well drilling pole.The construction engineering college of JiLin University has always been researching on the technology of chip continually removal by reverse circulation of DTH. We have never stopped since“七.五”periods and now have made this technology at the world advanced level. Now the construction engineering College of JiLin University has successfully accomplished the CGS’s projects“the research and development of high effective drilling technology under complex strata in the west in our country”. Its working contents are the applying research of hollow DTH under complex strata condition. This paper is the continue research of the projects’working contents. The continue researches are as follows:1. Basing on the theory of percussive drilling, further study on the hollow DTH reverse circulation continuous coring drilling bit rock breaking mechanics.2. Using finite element analysis software ANSYS and 3-D modeling software Solidworks commence numerical simulation between rock and the bit of hollow DTH reverse circulation continuous coring drilling.3. Through the theory research and finite element analysis of action mechanics between rock and the bit of hollow DTH reverse circulation continuous coring drilling,analyses the factors which influence the length of core. As a result, we can optimize reverse circulation sample drilling bit’s structure.4. Designing test device which could simulate the process of percussive-rotary drilling.Through theory study and numerical simulation, we systematically research the mechanics during ball-type teeth of hollow DTH reverse circulation continuous coring drilling bit drilling and coring. Obtain some conclusion as follow:1. we combine rock fracture mechanics ,rock damage mechanics and other solid mechanics theory, analyses rock dynamic characteristics, and obtain the conclusion:The process of percussive drilling can be considered as a process of rock which is continuous damaging and fracturing. In other words, under impact load the process of rock breaking could be regarded as: with energy dissipation, rock micromechanism damage accumulation, and then local rock appears macroscopic cracking, until rock whole destruction at last.2. By using infinite element software ANSYS to simulate the effect mechanism between bit-teeth and rock, we can explain why the top of core was cake frame, and the root of core was plane. The reason why the core length is regular, through elementary analysis, we think under constant absorbed-in-fracture energy and impacting frequency percussive drilling reach to some extent kinetic equilibrium3. Making use of the results of numerical simulation, we analyses the factors which influence the length of core, optimize reverse circulation sample drilling bit’s structure. All of these will provide guide meaning for next step of starting percussive-rotary test research.4. We design test device which could simulate the process of percussive-rotary drilling specially owing to researching how absorbed-in-fracture energy, impacting frequency,load on bit, rotational speed, bit structure and bit-teeth type influence rock breaking efficiency and length of core; Finding out the mechanism and process of percussive-rotary drilling; validating the result of infinite analysis. And the test device can ensures test working go with a swing.We didn’t find this kind of series studies domestically. This study is creative.Rock breaking is a complex process of energy transmission. In order to researching the essential mechanism of rock impact grinding, we have to build rock breaking model. These need us to put some theories of elasticity, wave mechanics, fracture mechanics and modern damage mechanics into rock breaking terrain, by the aid of numerical methods such as finite element method, finite difference method, discrete element method and boundary element method. Upon elasticity model, fracture mechanics model, damage mechanics model and other existing model to improve and perfect rock breaking model.The theoretical study on action mechanics between rock and bit under the condition of percussive-rotary here is elementary, more questions need to be discussed and researched more deeply. For simplified model during numerical simulation, we just calculate the impacting load and the effect between center bit-teeth. But the effect mechanism between bit and rock is very complex in real case. It is affected by alterative stress and fatigue. If the real work conditions are expected to be simulated, we must consider each bit-teeth at first, then build the 3-D model between bit and rock at the bottom of hole, and consider static pressure, impacting load, cornering force at the same time. In addition, the study on how drilling regulation parameters influence the length of coring is elementary too, we should combine with test to process more deep research. In a word, if we want to build precise mathematic model to realize the numerical calculation. More precise studies need to be made deeply, and more scientists need persevere to put their efforts.更多还原