【作者】 张连芝；

【导师】 洪敏；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 病原生物学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 吸毒已成为全球日益严重的社会问题,海洛因是目前流行的主要毒品,其在机体内能够快速地代谢为吗啡,海洛因的水溶性和脂溶性均强于吗啡,故往往认为海洛因对机体的毒性损伤大于吗啡。基于临床上海洛因成瘾者除药物造成的躯体依赖和精神依赖外,常伴有多个脏器的损害。这些损害是海洛因的直接作用,还是伴发的其他原因引起的疾病,是认识海洛因致病机制的重要内容。我们采用逐渐递增剂量法腹腔注射海洛因,建立海洛因依赖及戒断大鼠模型,50只建模成功Wistar大鼠随机分成对照组、3d给药组、9d给药组、3d戒断组及9d戒断组,检测各组血液生化指标天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶aspartate amino transferase(AST)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶AAT;alanine aminotransferase ( ALT )及γ-谷氨酰基转移酶γ-Gln;Glu;glutamyl aminotransferase(GGT)的变化。我们发现:与对照组相比,给药3d组ALT的含量明显下降(P<0.05),给药9d组ALT的含量下降更为显著(P< 0.01),戒断3d组ALT的含量上升显著(P< 0.01);给药9d组GGT的含量显著下降(P<0.01)。与给药9d组相比,戒断3d组的AST的血浆含量显著升高(P<0.01);戒断3d、9d组的ALT血浆含量均显著升高(P<0.01);戒断3d组的血浆GGT含量明显升高(P<0.05),9d戒断组的血浆GGT含量升高更为显著(P<0.01)。因此,海洛因对肝功能的损害有延迟性及持续性,且不能在停药后立即消除。通过建立海洛因依赖及戒断大鼠模型,40只wistar大鼠随机分成对照组、3d给药组、9d给药组、3d戒断组及9d戒断组,检测血液生化指标尿素氮urea nitroge(BUN)、肌酐Cr;crea;creat;creatinine(CREA)、尿酸UN;uric acid﹙URIC)。我们发现:与对照组相比,海洛因给药后URIC的浓度显著升高(P<0.01)。戒断3d组中仅血浆BUN显著下降(P<0.01)。与海洛因给药9天组相比,戒断3d组中BUN和URIC显著下降(P<0.01),CREA也明显降低(P<0.05);戒断9d组中URIC浓度显著下降(P<0.01)。因此,海洛因早期对肾功能损害较轻,在肾脏代偿范围内。更多还原

【Abstract】 Drug abuse is the most serious problem all over the world. Heroin, as the main drug, is prevalent at present. Heroin is metabolized into morphine. The water-solubility and lipid-solubility of heroin are larger than morphine, consequently, the toxic damnification of heroin are larger than morphine. Heroin can cause serious physical dependence and psychological dependence. Moreover, multiple organs are harmed. It is important to distinguish the direct damnification or concomitant disease. The following research work was carried out.1. The variety of blood plasma liver function of the heroin dependence rat .Using intraperitoneal injection with increasing dose to establish rat models of heroin administration and withdrawal. 50 Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups: control, 3d administration group, 9d administration group ,3d withdrawal group and 9d withdrawal group. the concentration of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) andγ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) in plasma were tested. We found that the concentration of ALT in 3d withdrawal group decreased significantly compared with the control group(P<0.01);the concentration of ALT in 3d administration group decreased significantly (P<0.05),the concentration of ALT in 9d administration group decreased even significantly, the concentration of ALT in 3d withdrawal group increased apparently(P<0.01), and the concentration of GGT in 9d administration group decreased apparently . the concentration of AST in 3d withdrawal group increased apparently compare with the 9d administration group (P<0.01); the concentrations of ALT both in 3d and 9d withdrawal groups increasedapparently(P<0.01); the concentration of GGT in 3d withdrawal group increased apparently (P<0.05),and the GGT of 9d withdrawal group increased even apparently (P<0.01). Consequently, The heroin has detention and durative damage to the liver function, and can’t eliminate immediately after stop intake.2. The variety of blood plasma kidney function of the heroin dependence rat.By developing rat models of heroin administration and withdrawal, 40 wistar rats were random divided into five groups:control,3 d administration group, 9 d administration group ,3d withdrawal group and 9 d withdrawal group. the concentration of BUN、CREA and URIC in plasma were determined. We found that compared with the control group the concentration of URIC were increased significantly after administration of heroin (P<0.01),and the concentration of BUN in 3d withdrawl group were decreased significantly(P<0.01). compared with the 9d administration group, the concentration of BUN and URIC in 3d withdrawal group decreased apparently(P<0.01),the concentration of CREA in 9d administration group decreased apparently(P<0.05) ; the concentration of URIC in 9d withdrawal group were decreased apparently (P<0.01). Consequently, the damage of the kidney function is within the compensatory zone of kidney at earlier period after heroin administration.更多还原