【作者】 王伟；

【导师】 王庆年；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 车辆工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 针对混合动力汽车实际运行中对电机提出高可靠性、高性能、高效率、低成本的要求,对驱动电机的性能的优化和调节逐渐成为混合动力汽车研究的一个重点课题。本文以吉林大学所承担的国家科技部“863”计划电动汽车专项为依托,对电机进行了以下的研究工作:本文首先是对混合动力汽车感应电机工作区间特性的研究。依次分析混合动力汽车的电机的外特性、效率、速度工作区间的特点及相互关系。重点分析感应电机本体效率区间的计算和调节。针对感应电机的速度特性,推导电机恒功率区间与过载区间的关系式,定性分析了电机恒功率区间和效率区间的联系,仿真分析确定电机的最优基速比。提出基于车辆循环工况的并联混合动力汽车感应电机参数匹配方法和评价指标。电机在额定功率和额定转速处电机效率最高,但在实际情况中往往出现在小负载低速运行状态,此时大量能量消耗在铜损和铁损上。通过车辆循环工况驱动功率的要求确定电机常用功率区域,在电机过载系数合理的设计范围之内,匹配感应电机的额定功率。确定车辆平均速度作为动力性评价指标、单位时间内电机耗电率作为经济性性评价指标、电机路面系统效率作为综合评价指标。最后选择长春、北京、伦敦、西伏吉尼亚四个典型的城市客车循环行驶工况,对解放牌混合动力客车第二轮样车40kw电机进行优化。提出四个工况电机额定功率的要求,计算电机的本体功率。在Matlab/Advisor下建立电机模型,进行循环工况仿真。分析对比仿真结果和电机在高效率区域的工作点的分布以及三个电机与工况匹配评价指标值。更多还原

【Abstract】 As the deficiency of petroleum resources and the pollution of the environment, conventional vehicle exposes a lot of shortcomings. And EV (Electric Vehicle) technology about battery storage will not be resolved in a short time, so to develop and produce HEV (Hybrid Electric Vehicle) is necessary.Traction motor system ,as an key component of hybrid electric vehicle,which selection,dynamic characteristics and parameters matching impact directly on the vehicle design. In view of the recent growing interest in HEV demands for an high reliance, high performance, high efficient, low cost motor drive for electric propusion ,so optimization and regulating performance of traction motor has gradually become an important subject for HEV.The goal of this paper mainly to improve fuel economy of hybrid electric vehicle, regulating and optimizing the efficiency map contour of motor. Within the scope of motor overload ability , matching the rated power according to the different road conditions . While studying the performance of the traction motor, a higher demand of motor design is needed .First, the paper introduces the types and performance of motor , control strategies for motor and controller and the latest trends. The international research trend for HEV engine and motor in control strategies and designing is compared and analysed.Then the paper studys on the mechanic performance , efficiency region and speed region of induction motor,including their mutual relations in turns. The mechanic performance is introduced with conventional vehicle’s ideal drving characteristic field. The main analyse is put on the calculation and regulation of theinduction motor.According to speed character of the induction motor, the relation of constant-power region and overload region is concluded .then the relation of constant-power region and efficiency region of induction motor is also analysed qualitative. The optimal base speed ratio is determined by the way of simulation.Then a method for the paramter macthing design of parallel hybrid electric vehicle power train based on vehicle cycle condition and their evaluation are put forward. According to the demand of traction motor power in different cycle conditions,the power region of motor which is used mostly is determined in the condition of the overload region,then the rated power of induction motor is matched.The average speed is regarded as the evaluation of dynamic character and exhausted energy of motor in certain time regarded as the evaluation of economic character, the comprehensive evaluation is the system efficiency of motor in the road.At last, four typical domestic city bus cycle conditions are selected, which are Beijing,Changchun,Uk,WVUCITY.Then the motor for 40kw in the HEV Bus of FAW is optimized . At the beginging ,the rated power of motor matching for the four bus cycle conditions are determined . Assumed that the percentage of the stray loss in all losses is constant. Using scaled coefficient refering to the electrical efficiencyof themotor for 40kw,four motors’efficiency are calculated .Establishing a motor model in Matlab/Advisor with the converter efficiency of experimental date,a simulation is carried on in every city cycle condition.After finishing the simulation ,it is proved that the motor’s operation points in high efficiency region increase obviously and improve the fuel economy.Three evaluations for the motor matching for the cycle condition ,such as average speed,exhausted energy of motor in certain time and system efficiency of motor in the road. In these simulations, average speed is unchanged and others are improved.更多还原