【作者】 孙波勇；

【导师】 段卫东；

【作者基本信息】 武汉科技大学 ， 岩土工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 本文对台阶爆破超深的作用机理及其影响因素进行了分析,从理论研究、数值模拟两个方面对台阶爆破应力场及其超深问题展开了研究。通过这两个部分彼此补充、验证和完善,对台阶爆破超深的影响因素有了更深一步的了解。理论上,对爆破破岩机理、台阶爆破柱状药包爆破机理进行了分析研究,并以此为基础,从应力波和超深段炸药能量的角度对台阶爆破超深的作用机理及其影响因素进行了理论分析研究。研究结果表明:台阶爆破的超深主要影响因素为炸药、岩石、底盘抵抗线等。数值模拟中,首先在有限元模拟的接触方法以及透射边界的选取的方法上进行了一定的尝试,取得较好效果;其次,对台阶爆破正反向传爆进行了数值模拟分析,模拟结果与动光弹实验的结果基本吻合,说明了本数值模拟方法的正确性。同时,建立了一个通过ANSYS/LS-DYNA的数值模拟来确定台阶爆破临界超深和最佳超深的方法;最后,在装药结构和长度不变的情况下,建立一系列计算模型,利用数值模拟方法,改变炸药、岩石、抵抗线的参数,分别计算得到了不同参数下的临界超深和最佳超深。通过对各数值模拟结果的分析、比较,得出了各因素对台阶爆破最佳超深的影响程度,这对以后台阶爆破超深的选取有一定的参考价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper, the effectible mechanism of sub-drilling in the bench blasting was analyzed; The Stress Field issue of the sub-drilling was deep studied from two aspects, which was theoretical studying and Numerical simulation. Through the complimentarily, validation and perfection of the two aspects, the selection and gaining of sub-drilling of the bench blasting factors had been deep understanding.In theory, the blasting mechanism of Cylindrical Charge of bench blasting had been analyzed theoretically. Based on this analysis, the effectible mechanism and the affecting factors of sub-drilling in the bench blasting had been analyzed theoretically for the first time.In numerical simulation, first, simply introduced the basic processes of ANSYS/LS-DYNA simulation, comparing and studying the important issues for FEM calculation: contact boundary and transmitting boundary. Based on these, the definition of contact method in finite element simulation and the selection method for transmitting boundary had been carried on a certain attempt, achieved good effect; Secondly, the mechanism of propagation of explosion in downward and upward had been analysis and compared by numerical simulation. In this way, the simulation had been validated by Dynamic Photo elasticity. At the same time, a method of selecting the best sub-drilling through the ANSYS/LS-DYNA had been developed. Finally, the best sub-drilling and the critical sub-drilling had been gained, through the numerical simulation computation, which was established a series of computations model in the same charging structure and length circumstances, changing the Explosives, rock and resistance line and copulating. After the comparative analysis of the result, the degree of influence of each factor had been confirmed. This had referential significance for selection of bench blasting.更多还原