【作者】 陈力华；

【导师】 孙丰荣；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 信号与信息处理， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 随着计算机、网络和影像处理技术的飞速发展，医学影像领域PACS(Picture Archiving and Communication System)也迅速发展，胶片影像医学诊断模式正被数字影像诊断模式代替。以前影像设备所产生的图像格式各不相同，无法实现通信，随着不同厂商生产的影像设备之间传输数字图像和其它相关信息的需求越来越大，有必要出台一个统一规范的国际标准以实现影像通信。为此，美国放射学会(ACR)和美国国家电器制造商协会(NEMA)于1983年成立了联合委员会，开始制定“医学数字成像与通信”标准即DICOM标准，标准的出台促进了医学数字图像和通信的发展，既统一了影像科内部的通信标准，给PACS、RIS与HIS联通提供了一个渠道，也为影像科医生方便地进行数字化诊断和信息查询提供了平台基础。作为四大医学影像技术之一的超声影像技术，因其具有实时性好、无损无痛、低成本等独特优点，成为医院影像科不可替代的诊断手段，在如心脏、肺部、血管、胆囊、眼、乳腺及肝脏等病症诊断方面作用明显。老式超声诊断基本采取现采集现诊断且基本依靠经验诊断，诊断后不存储影像方式，这种诊断模式效率不高，辅助诊断、资料存档、通信交流、远程会诊等功能弱，难以满足数字化医学的要求。这也使得在PACS框架下开发医学超声影像工作站成为时下研究的热点。但由于超声成像的机理所限，影像清晰度低，目前主要依靠医生临床经验进行诊断，准确率有待进一步提高。这也使得利用超声影像中大量有用信息进行检索即CBIR技术辅助诊断具有重要意义。基于上述，我们设想建立一个基于DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine)标准、能无缝接入PACS系统、操作简便、经济适用的超声影像工作站，对发挥超声诊断优势、大幅降低医疗成本、提高超声诊断效率具有重要作用和深远意义。另外，远程医疗是信息化条件下医疗模式的一个发展方向，它是指通过计算机网络、通信和多媒体等技术在相隔较远的求医者和医生之间进行双向信息传送，完成求医者的信息搜集、诊断以及医疗方案实施等过程。在我国推广远程医疗有改善医疗资源配置、提高农村卫生保健水平和降低医疗费用等重要意义。本文在严格遵从DICOM标准基础上，设计了一个新型超声影像工作站，该工作站不但能够无缝接入PACS系统，更重要的是我们采取C／S和B／S并行方式，使该工作站实现了超声影像网络化的高效能操作，从而支持远程会诊应用。此外，我们还在数据库结构方面新设影像特征库，为基于影像内容检索提供了支持。本文将着重论述基于DICOM标准的超声影像工作站的设计与构建，并讨论其中数据库设计及基于内容影像数据库检索等若干方面关键技术问题。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of technology in the field of computer, network and digital image processing, PACS (Picture Archiving and Communication System) developed quickly and is impacting the style of traditional medical image application. Now digital image diagnose is operating step by step instead of film-image medicine diagnose in hospital.Image format produced by various image equipment are different, so it can’t implement communication, it is important to constitute a standard to cause the communication between image equipment for the more and more demands in image and information transfer. Therefore, ACR and NEMA established a commission in 1983 to constitute Digital Imaging and communication in medicine (DICOM). DICOM accelerated the development of medical digital imaging and communication. It unified the communication standard among different imaging office, provided a connection channel for PACS, RIS and HIS, and also made digital diagnosis and information query possible for medical imaging clinicians.As an important diagnose method, ultrasound diagnosing has the character of real-time, indolence, non-trauma and inexpensive. Diagnose efficiency such as in the diseases of heart, lung, blood vessel, gall bladder, eye, mammary glands and liver. Outdated ultrasound diagnose model take the actual diagnose when image sampling, no image and any other information storage after diagnose. So diagnose model can’t content the request of digital medicine for its inefficient, for its functional disorder in diagnose assistant, information storage, communication and telemedicine. It is an important thing to develope a ultrasound workstation that based DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine) standard , can be integrated into PACS to implement long-distance consultation , simply operation and economy ,offer CBIR(Content Based Image Retrieve) function. It will exert merit of ultrasound diagnose, depress cost of medicine teaching, and advance efficiency of ultrasound diagnose. So develop of ultrasound image workstation becomes a focus in the field medicine image study today.Telemedicine is the promising direction of the informatization in hospital, it is referenced for information transferred through the long-distance area between the patients and doctors based on the techniques of computer network, communication and multimedia, to achieve the information searching, diagnoses and implement clinical project. The promotion of telemedicine in our country is important to improve the configuration of medical resource, increase the level of country health and reduce the disease expense.Here a ultrasound workstation was designed under the frame of PACS, the workstation can be seamless connected into the PACS system, It is more important that this workstation was based on C/S (Client/Server) and B/S (Browser/Server) module, so it can hold on the telemedicine. and we add the image characteristic table in the image database to hold on the CBIR. This thesis focuses on: The content about DICOM standard, on the structure of the ultrasound workstation, on the retrieval of the ultrasound workstation.更多还原