崔贞熙转向作品研究

【作者】 张晓燕；

【导师】 朴银淑；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 亚非语言文学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 淡人崔贞熙(1906～1990)，身为近代新女性之一，作为韩国文坛的女性作家之一，她在其八十余平生中历经艰难曲折，也许正因为此才使得她的文学世界如此丰富而引人瞩目。崔贞瞩在韩国近代文学史中占据的地位尤其不可轻视。这不仅仅是因为她曾经是韩国第二代女性作家中的一员，更重要的是因为她在近代日帝统治时期曾经先后以同伴者作家和亲日作家的身份活跃在韩国文坛。因此在日帝末期的文学史研究中对崔贞熙文学的考察和研究就显得尤为重要。1934年的第二次卡普事件是韩国文学史中不可忽视的重大事件。日帝末期，日本加强了对韩国的殖民统治，而第二次卡普事件也即全州事件正是其中重要的一环。韩国社会主义阵营的文人们在经历卡普事件之后，大部分都陆续表示放弃或者实际上放弃了社会主义理想。这种社会以及文坛背景作用于文学，便形成了“转向”这种特殊的文坛现象。在韩国，转向通俗地被定义为对社会主义思想的抛弃。但是，实际上转向并非简单的思想抛弃的问题。对于殖民地韩国的知识分子而言，与思想的抛弃相比，更为严峻的问题是抛弃了某一种思想之后继而又选择了何样的思想。也即，转向以后的方向探索是更为深刻和严峻的问题。而当时对转向这一文坛现象进行观察、反省并将其反映在文学作品当中的一部分作家也正是将着眼点放在了转向之后的方向探索之上。因此，笔者认为，转向是对社会主义思想的抛弃和对新的思想方向的探索这两个思想历程的集结。转向的问题主要是反映在当时社会主义阵营的文人即卡普作家和同伴者作家的作品当中。因为他们亲生经历了转向的问题。那么转向在当时的同伴者作家崔贞熙的作品中是如何体现的呢?本文所关注的正是这一时期的同伴者作家崔贞熙的转向问题。崔贞熙在其文学创作的习作期创作了14篇之多的社会主义倾向的作品，1934年全州事件之时牵连入狱，1935年出狱之后便开始放弃社会主义倾向的文学创作，在经历了两年的静寂期后，以《凶家》为始发点开始变换其文学创作的路线和方向。此中，与转向问题相关的作品，即本文所要考察的作品《地脉》、《人脉》、《天脉》，统称三脉。本文在绪论中主要考察了以往的研究成果、本论文的研究方法以及研究目的。继之，在第2章中先对作者的生平及其三脉作品的形成背景进行了简单的概述。崔贞熙自幼受到民族主义思想浓厚的老师的影响，此外由于受周围社会主义思想的渲染以及丈夫金有影的影响，使得崔贞熙自觉地、不自觉地在思想上倾向于社会主义。同时，父亲对家庭的离弃又使得她不得不对女性的命运作出探究。正是基于这种个人成长的生活和思想背景，崔贞熙在出道之初的4～5年间以同伴者的身份写下了14篇之多的社会主义倾向的作品。然而，1934年的全州事件使她开始对社会主义思想产生了怀疑，继之而来的各种生活和思想上的压力，使得她最终抛弃了社会主义思想。在对作者的生平和转向问题进行概述之后，论文开始围绕转向这一主题对三脉这三部作品进行了详致的考察和研究。笔者将转向定义为作为行为动作的转向和作为行动过程的转向两个部分。在第3章中，本文主要考察了作者在三脉中是如何对社会主义进行批判并从中转变方向的。三脉的女主人公们大多都是曾经积极地支持或向往社会主义的知识女性，而后来她们都是由于生活中的种种变故而自觉或不自觉地放弃了对社会主义思想的崇拜和憧憬。《地脉》中的恩英可以看作是作者崔贞熙的真实写照，她受先夫的影响积极地支持丈夫的社会主义事业，后来丈夫入狱及离世使她陷入了极端的困境，她开始对社会主义产生了怀疑，并最终决定回归到母亲的身份，这与《天脉》中的莲伊极为类似。《人脉》中的善英和惠凤也都是社会主义的热烈追慕者，然而她们也终因家庭的压力而放弃了对社会主义的追随。本文在第4章当中主要是对转向以后的方向探索进行了考察。一般而言，男性转向者在转向之后面临的是家庭，而女性转向者则有所不同，她们转向之后面临的是母性和爱情的问题。《地脉》的恩英、《人脉》的善英、《天脉》的莲伊都是在母性和爱情之间寻找出路。是选择母性?还是选择爱情?这是女性转向者在摆脱意识形态的束缚之后所面临的最为紧迫的问题。如果她们不做出选择以来确定自己的主体性，她们将会一直处于徘徊不定的状态，而这是她们所不愿意的，现实也不允许她们这样。当她们确实找不出恰当的出口之时，她们便想到了神。然而神究竟会给她们以心灵的安歇吗?这也是个未知数。文学作品终究不是现实，它不可能为现实提供切实的答案。或许作者也并不是为了这个答案吧。盲目地迷恋社会主义，在碰壁之后又重新开始探索人生的出路。这正是作家崔贞熙的真实历程。从地上到天上，从母性到爱情及至神，彷徨的灵魂一直在迷茫中找寻。然而答案究竟为何?却不得而知。作者崔贞熙的彷徨终因日本帝国主义的殖民统治遭受了挫折并发生了弯曲和变形，这便是她的亲日行为。这不能不说是作者的悲哀，亦是时代的悲哀。更多还原

【Abstract】 Cui Zhenxi (1906-1990) as a new modern female and one of the women writer in South Korean literary world she suffered a lot in all her 80-year life. but maybe just for it she created a wonderfuf and attrative literary world. And among this, we should not ignorant her improtant status in modern South Korean literary world.This is not only because she had been one of the second generation writers, but because she played an active role as the accompanier writer and the Japanolatry writer in Southi Korean literary world when the South Korean was ruled by the Japanese imperialism. Therefore, it seems more important to research her literature works when we research the literature history of the end of the Japanese imperialism.The second Kapu event in 1934 is quite important . In the end of the Japan imperialism ,Japan strengthened its colonial domination in South Korea,and the second Kapu event which was also called Quan Zhou event was the most crucial tache. At that moment, Most of the South Korean literators who were for the socialism announced that they gave up the socilism ideality, and someone really did. Such background in the literary world and the socity had some effects in the literature. Because of this , there come out a special literature phenomena,which was called "Conversion".In South Korea, the Conversion was defined as giving up the socialism. But in fact, the Conversion is not just the giving up the ideology. For the South Korean intellectual who lived in the colony which was governed by Japan, in contrast with the giving up one ideality, what kind of ideality would be choosen was more important. In other words, the direction after the Conversion was a more serious problem. And in that moment a grounp of writers payed their attentions to the search for the diretion. They managed to reflect the atmosphere in their works. So, in the penman’s opinion, the Conversion is the combination of the giving up socialism and the search for the new direction.There are a lot of Kapu writers’ and the accompanier writers’ works which is about the Conversion because they experienced the Conversion. Then how is the problem reflected in Cui Zhenxi’s works who was also an accompanier writer at that time?What this paper pays attention to is just her Conversion, who was also an accompanier writer then in 1930s.She wrote more than 14 which had socialism tendency. In 1934 she was sent into prison embroiled by the Quan Zhou event. In 1935 she began to give up the socialism tendency producing. In the following, after two-year silent period, she managed to change her writing derection in Xiongjia. In the meantime, Di Mai.Tian Mai,Ren Mai which was called Three Mai by a joint name .And this paper will talk about these works.In the last research , the investigator often only stared at the feminism in her works, while few made deeply research of her Conversion. In contrast, these years as the study of the modern South Korean Japanolatry writers become prevalent, Cui Zhenxi’s Japanolatry attitude was also concerned by the investigator. But a writer who had been socialism tendencial might not change into a japanolatry without any evidence. This paper will observe her course of Conversion .In the introduction the paper mainly investigates the last research results and the research method and purpose of this paper. Then in chapter 2 the paper introduces her life and the background and the object matter of Three Mai in summary.Cui was deeply effected by the socialism and her husband Jin Youying. All of these made her unconsciously inclined to the socialism. For this exerience and life background, she wrote more than 14 works which have socialism tendency in the beginning of her writing career in 4 to 5 years. While, the Quan Zhou event made her doubt the socialism. And the following life and ideality force made her give up the socialism in the end. The course is the problem which will be investigated in this paper, and the works connected are called Tian Mai.Di Mai and Ren Mai which are called Three Mai by a joint name.After the introduction of the writer’s life and the world of Three Mai, the paper begins to investigate the Three Mai in details which encircles the Conversion. In the paper, the penman confines the Conversion as two parts, the Conversion action and the Conversion course. So in chapter 3 , this paper mainly observes how Cui Zhenxi change her direction from the criticizing. Most of the women dramatis personaes in Three Mai are intellectual women who had actively supported or yearned toward socialism, and afterwards consciously or unconsciously gave up socialism because of all kinds of cases in their lives. However, they all had to give up the socialism under the force from the family in the end. In the following chapter 4 the paper mainly research the direction after the turninig. In common , after Conversion , the male have to face their wives and children, while there are some diffences for the female, for that they have to face the motherhood and love. It is the most crucial problem to choose motherhood or love that the female have to face after breaking up the tie of ideology. If they couldn’t, they will wander. As we all know that they don’t want this result and the reality doesn’t allow this result,too.When they indeed couldn’t find the right way, they thought about the numen. But it is still unknown that whether the numen will curse their bleeding hearts. The literature works are not the reality after all, so that it can’t tell the real right answer, but maybe the writers just don’t want to find the right answer.Believing the socialism blindnessfully,and after failure researching the other way of life, maybe, these are just Cu Zhenxi’s real life. From motherhood to love and at last to numen, the mooching soul never give up researching. Nobody knows the answer, Cui Zhenxi’s life was changed and distorted under the government of Japan, this is her Japanolatry attitude. We have to admit that this is her sadness indeed.更多还原