【作者】 宋薇；

【导师】 黄少安；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 西方经济学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 自20世纪后叶开始，信息技术广泛应用于各个领域，人类社会逐渐进入了信息时代，计算机、网络技术成为了经济发展和人们的生活中的基本工具，而软件也就随之发挥着越来越重要的作用，成为了人们工作生活中不可或缺的用品。自20世纪80年代后期，计算机产业就开始了由以硬件为中心向以软件为中心的转移，到2000年软件产业已经成为全球第一大产业，成为当今世界投资回报比最高的产业之一，并已被很多国家列入未来的主导性和支柱性产业。近20年来我国软件产业的发展速度既高于同期国民经济的增长速度，也高于全球产业的平均增长速度。随着软件业的蓬勃发展，软件盗版就成为软件产业面临的一个重大问题。本文从经济学的角度出发，分析软件的特点和相关问题，尤其是知识产权保护的问题，探寻问题的经济根源，做出合理的经济学解释，提出自己的理解和建议。论文首先概述了软件知识产权保护的发展情况，综述了软件知识产权保护问题的研究现状；接着分析了软件产品的经济学特点，并从成本收益和市场均衡角度分析了软件商品的定价问题；接着用产权经济学、制度经济学的理论方法对软件产业中知识产权保护的问题进行探讨，分析了软件产品的公共性和外部性，针对软件产品的特点分析了软件知识产权的保护；在此基础上采用博弈论的方法对软件产业中的盗版问题进行分析，比较分析了正版软件与盗版软件的效用差异，软件盗版现象泛滥的原因，最后针对软件知识产权保护问题中最突出的盗版软件问题进行分析，一方面是政府与盗版厂商之间的博弈，另一方面是正版厂商与盗版厂商之间的博弈，提出对盗版现象的经济学解释，并提出建议。本文的理论意义在于用微观经济学的理论工具和方法以及产权经济学、制度经济学的观点和分析方法分析了软件知识产权的保护。通过分析软件商品的特性、软件商品特殊的定价规则、正版软件与盗版软件的效用差异，以及政府、正版厂商、盗版商之间的博弈分析，讨论在现有的知识产权保护政策下，软件厂商如何从自身软件的生产、定价出发加强对软件知识产权的保护，从正版厂商的角度提出对软件知识产权保护的政策建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 From the late 20 century, information technology is widely used in every domain. The computer and network become basic tools in the economic development and daily life, and then software plays more and more important roles. From the late 1980’s, the center of computer industry started to transfer from hardware to software. As one of the industries with high rate of return for investment, software industry has become the global first industry and in many countries it has been listed as the crucial industries pressing for development in 2000. In nearly 20 years, the development speed of our country’s software industry is higher than both of the development speed of national economy and global software industry. With the vigorous development of software industry, piracy becomes a significant problem that the software industry is faced with.The thesis will analyze the characteristic and relevant topics of software and software industry, especially the protection of intellectual property, find out the economic base of them, give a reasonable demonstration, and offer my viewpoint and proposals. The thesis introduces the situation of software intellectual property protection, and then systematically analyzes the economic peculiarity of software, and emphasis the different pricing rules between software and material products. We delve the problem of software intellectual property by the method of the economics of property rights and systematic economics. Basing on the theoretical assay, I analyze the problem of piracy in software industry by using game theory and offer some policy proposals.The theoretical contribution of the thesis lies in that we try to analyze the problem of software intellectual property by microeconomic theory tools, and analyze these problems with economics of property rights and systematic economics. By analyzing the characteristic of software and software industry, the utility of software, the gamble between government and pirates, the gamble between pirates and genuine manufacturers, the thesis delves with the available intellectual property protection policies, software manufacturers how to strengthen the protection of intellectual property from their own, and then propose policy recommendations on the protection of intellectual property rights from the perspective of manufacturers. That is the realistic significance of the thesis.更多还原