【作者】 仇恒东；

【导师】 韩宝明； 于雷；

【作者基本信息】 北京交通大学 ， 环境工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 机动车尾气污染日益成为大城市的第一污染源，机动车所消耗的能源占总能源消耗的比重也越来越大。世界各国都采取了一系列措施控制机动车尾气污染。由于我国目前正全力进行经济建设，因此从经济性角度对机动车尾气控制策略进行成本效益分析既有助于全面评价控制策略的优劣性，更有利于策略的推广与应用。本文在分析总结国内外机动车尾气控制策略成本效益分析的基础上，针对目前研究的缺点与不足，建立了微观、中观和宏观三个层面的机动车尾气控制策略成本效益综合评价指标体系，并结合先进的车载尾气检测技术(PEMS)，对建立的指标体系进行量化方法研究，在此基础上建立了机动车尾气控制策略成本效益评价体系，从环境效益和经济效益两方面对静态、动态及综合尾气控制策略进行成本效益评价。本文还利用已建立的成本效益评价体系，对柴油车后处理技术及交通信号协调技术进行了成本效益案例分析。更多还原

【Abstract】 The environmental pollutions brought by vehicle emissions are gradually becoming the largest source for air pollutions in big cities. Further, the energy consumed by motorized vehicles is taking larger and larger percentage in the total energy consumptions of the world. A series of control measures have been taken to reduce the pollutions by countries around the world. As China is presently making its full effort in the economic development, the cost-benefit analysis (CBA) to the vehicle emission control strategies from an economic perspective will not only be helpful to the comprehensive assessment of their pros and cons, but also be instrumental to the successful applications of those strategies. This thesis first synthesizes state-of-the-art on the CBA for vehicle emission control strategies. In light of the shortcomings of existing studies, the thesis then develops an integrated cost-benifit assessment measurement system for emission control strategies at three different levels, microscopic, messoscopic, and macroscopic. Further, combining the advanced portable emissions measurement system (PEMS), the thesis studies the quantification methdos for evaluating the proposed measurement system. Subsequently, the thesis develops a cost-benefit assessment system, which assesses the static, dynamic, as well as integrated vehicle emission control strategies, from both environmental and economic perspectives. Finally, the thesis applies the developed cost-benefit assessment system to complete two case studies: one for the post-treament technology for diesel vehicles, and another one for the coordinated signal-control strategies.更多还原