【作者】 陈弘；

【导师】 蒋云根；

【作者基本信息】 华东师范大学 ， 行政管理， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 地方政府层级结构,是各个地方政府在纵向上分为若干层次,并依照上下隶属关系组合形成的结构。新中国成立以来,特别是改革开放后,逐步形成了目前的省—市—县—乡四级制为主的地方政府层级结构。但随着市场经济的不断深入,民主的不断演进,计划经济下的地方政府层级结构暴露出种种弊端,诸如地方政府层级过多、效率较低、行政成本过高以及市管县体制等问题,已经成为地方行政制度发展的严重障碍,亟待解决。2004年,温家宝总理在全国农村税费改革工作会上提出,我国具备条件的地方,可以推进“省直管县”的试点。2006年,十届全国人大四次会议通过的我国“十一五”规划纲要,首次将与地方政府层级改革相关的重要问题纳入“国家五年规划”的内容,明确提出减少地方政府层级。本文围绕地方政府层级改革展开研究,提出“省直管县、乡镇自治”的改革思路,即通过调整省县规模,强县扩权,逐步取消市管县体制,分类实行省管县;撤消乡级政府,乡镇逐步向基层自治转变,最终形成省县二级制。全文共分四章。第一章为导言。阐述了研究的理论意义和现实意义,介绍了相关概念和有关研究状况。第二章分析了我国地方政府层级结构的现状是以省—市—县—乡四级制为主,从世界范围比较、中国历史分析、管理学等视角阐述了我国减少地方政府层级的必要性。第三章提出地方政府层级改革的目标和原则。按照建设和谐社会的要求,民主平等、法治精神、区域协调、民族和睦、文化相融和尊重自然的理念,总体规划分布实施地方政府层级改革。第四章具体论述地方政府层级结构改革的路径,提出通过强县扩权,调整省县规模,实行省直管县;通过撤并乡镇,完善基层自治,实现乡镇自治。变现行的省—市—县—乡四级制为主,为省—县二级制为主。更多还原

【Abstract】 The structure of local government level means the local governments are divided into several levels vertically. The next membership is in accordance with the formation of a combination of the structure. Since the founding of new China, especially after the reform and open-door policy, the basic system for four levels of local government structure including province-city-county-town are gradually formed. As the market continues to develop and democratic evolves constantly, local government level exposed such various problems under the planned economic system as excessive levels of local government, lower efficiency, higher administrative costs and the city-governing-county issues. These problems have become a serious obstacle to development, yet to be solved.In 2004, Premier Wen Jiabao put forward the idea of promoting "Province-governing-County" trial bases in places of mainland which meet the basic requirements at country’s rural tax reform meeting. In 2006, the Fourth Session of the Tenth National People’s Congress approves the country’s 11^th Five-Year plan, adopting the relevant serious issues on local governments’ reform for the first time and raising the reduction of local government level clearly.The article put much emphasis on the research in the local government level reform. The new perspective on the reform of "Province in control over county and Towns self-governing", has been worked out. It means by adjusting the scale of province and county, powerful counties expand authority and gradually abolish city-governing-county. We must carry out the policy of province-governing-county dividedly, withdrawing township authority step by step which shall gradually be changed into the grass-roots self-governing .Finally two-level of province-county system forms.The article is divided into four chapters. The first chapter is about introduction which sets out the theoretical and practical significance of the article in the view of the author and introduces the relevant concepts and the situation of research.Chapter 2 analyzes the current situation of the structure of local government levels on the status of the province-city-county-town-based system, which sets out the necessity of reducing the local government level in motherland in terms of the world-wide comparison, the historical analysis of China and the understanding of administration.Chapter 3 presents the level of local government reform goals and principles. Implementation of reform of local government levels should be planned and executed totally according to the idea of requirements of building a harmonious society, democratic equality, the spirits of the law, the coordinated region, harmonious nation, molten culture and respect for nature.Chapter 4 specifically address the access to the structure reform of local government level by the powerful county in extending the authority , adjusting the scale of province and county to achieve "province in control over county" , by withdrawing and combining township to accomplish grass-roots self-governing and eventually realize township self-governing. The present province-city-county-township-based four-level government system will be changed into primarily province-county-based two-level government system.更多还原