【作者】 郭雅芬；

【导师】 过仲阳；

【作者基本信息】 华东师范大学 ， 自然地理学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 随着我国城市化进程的加速，城乡交错带作为城市化过程最显著地域，其土地利用方式和土地覆盖类型正发生着剧烈的变化，城乡结合带已成为自然生态系统发生变化最明显的区域。因此，研究城乡交错带土地利用／土地覆被以及景观格局的变化对于城市的可持续发展具有重要的理论意义和实际应用价值。青浦区位于上海市西郊，地处江、浙、沪二省一市的交界处，属于城乡结合带，是上海唯一连接二省一市的区，也是上海辐射华东地区的金三角，其优越的地理位置起到了承东启西、东联西进的枢纽作用。论文运用1990、1997、2003、2005年的TM遥感影像，在ARCGIS、ERDASIMAGINE等软件的支持下，对青浦区土地利用／土地覆被的动态演变以及景观格局进行了分析研究，在此基础上，探讨了引起该区土地利用以及景观格局变化的驱动力机制。研究成果为了解城市化过程中，引起该区土地利用及景观格局变化的规律及原因，实现区域土地的可持续发展提供了科学依据，同时也可为上海其它区域解决城市发展中遇到的问题提供一定的借鉴。论文的研究成果主要有：1．通过计算机监督分类获取了青浦区1990、1997、2003和2005年的土地类型分布图，并在ERDAS IMAGINE、ARCGIS软件的支持下，分析了该区的土地利用数量变化、土地利用结构变化、土地利用流转速度以及土地类型转移矩阵。研究结果表明，1990-2005年，青浦区土地利用类型以及面积发生了很大变化，其中，建设用地面积增长了几乎4倍，耕地面积不断萎缩；1990年之前耕地、未利用土地为建设用地的主要来源，1997-2003年间耕地、绿地为主要来源，2003-2005年间耕地为建设用地的主要来源；1997-2003年是土地类型转变幅度最大，土地利用演变速度最快的时期，也是该区城市化进程最激烈的时期。2．通过分析四期土地利用类型图，得到了青浦区土地利用空间的演变规律。十五年间，青浦区大量的耕地转变成绿地以及建设用地，演变沿着主要交通道路展开，逐渐向西、向南延伸，建设用地由点状逐渐形成不同的散片状到最终连成片状。3．根据景观生态学原理，利用FRAGSTATS软件，选取并计算青浦区不同时期的3个具有代表性的景观格局指数，得到了不同时期青浦区的景观格局特征。十五年间，青浦区城镇建成区面积不断扩大，城郊景观结构发生了较大变化，突出表现为自然景观向成片的居民点和工矿建设用地等人文景观的变化。其中，1990-1997年景观格局变化较大，城市发展较为零乱；1997-2003年间，景观格局演变速度加快，但由于政策的调控，逐渐趋于合理；2003-2005年间，建设用地进一步扩张，但逐渐趋于集聚，速度逐渐趋缓。4．运用主成分分析法，研究了青浦区土地利用以及景观格局演变的经济驱动力因素，并探讨了引起土地利用以及景观格局演变的驱动力机制。结果表明，工业区集聚、交通拓展、房地产的迅猛发展是青浦区经济快速增长的经济驱动力因素，另外，优越的自然驱动力要素，城市人口增长、政策导向等社会驱动力因素，是引起青浦区土地利用以及景观格局演变的主要原因，以上因素共同构成青浦区土地利用以及景观格局演变的驱动力机制。更多还原

【Abstract】 With China’s urbanization process accelerated, land use and land cover types which is the most significant areas in the process of urbanization, is undergoing drastic changes. Belt town has become the most obvious change region of the natural ecosystems, Therefore, it is important for the city’s sustainable development theoretical and practical value, to research town land use / land cover and landscape pattern changes.Qingpu Aera, in the southwest of Shanghai, is located in the junction of Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai, is the only link to two provinces and the Golden Triangle region where Shanghai to Huadong radiation. Its strategic location is the East West Progressive Alliance hub role.With the four-year 1990,1997,2003,2005 TM images ,with ARCGIS, ERDAS IMAGING software, paper analyze land use / land cover and the dynamic evolution of landscape pattern in Qingpu Aera. On this basis, paper discusses driven mechanism which leads to change of land use and landscape pattern. Research gives the reasons for the law of land use and landscape pattern changes during the time of understand process of urbanization, gets scientific basis of sustainable development of regional land, also gives some references to resolve the problems encountered in other regions of the Shanghai because of urban development.After more study and exploration, come to the following conclusions.1.By using the four-year 1990,1997,2003,2005 TM images ,with ARCGIS, ERDAS IMAGING software, paper analyze the number of land use change, land use structural changes, land use circulation speed and the transfer matrix of land types. The results show that, the land use types and size undergone great changes in Qingpu Aera during1990 to 2005, which construction land area grew by almost four times, the land area of arable land is continuous shrinking. Before 1990, unused land and farmland are the main sources of the construction land. Greenbelt and farmland are the main sources of the construction land between1997 to 2003. Farmland is the only source of construction land from 2003 to 2005. It is the biggest change of the type ofland, the fastest evolution of land use, the most quickly urbanization process, which is the period from 1997 to 2003.2. By analyzing four land use maps of different periods, paper got space evolution law of land use in Qingpu Aera. A lot of farmland has change into green space and construction land for 15 years. Evolution starts along the main road, gradually toward southward and westward. Extension of the construction land change from the point to the San Flake gradually ,and to the plate eventually.3. According to the theory of ecology, using Fragstats software, paper calculate three representative landscape index of different periods in Qingpu Aera, get landscape pattern of three periods. Town area of Qingpu District has expand continuously. Suburban Landscape structure has great changes, the outstanding performance is that the natural landscape pieces change into the building land and mining sites and other cultural landscape during the 15 years. Within this total, there is larger landscape pattern change, the more chaotic urban development during 1990 tol997. The speed of landscape evolution is being faster, as a result of the policy of control, the landscape pattern is becoming more and more reasonable during 1997 to 2003. The construction land has further expansion, but come to gather gradually, and the speed slows down gradually from 2003 to 2005.4. With principal component analysis, paper studies the economical driven factors of land use / land cover change and the landscape pattern in Qingpu Aera. The results show that the economic factors driving forces of the rapid economic growth are the gather of industrial areas, access of transportation, the rapid development of real estate in Qingpu Aera, while the prime driving force of the natural elements is the growth of urban population, policy guidance, and other social factors driving force. All these factors together become drive mechanism for evolution of the land use and the landscape pattern in Qingpu Aera.更多还原