【作者】 蒋瑾；

【导师】 马和民；

【作者基本信息】 华东师范大学 ， 教育学原理， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 社区青少年是中国社会转型时期日益被关注的一个群体，年龄介于16至25岁之间，他们或处于失学状态，或无固定工作、没有就学、缺乏监管的状态。同时，他们往往是青少年犯罪的主要构成和潜在力量。本研究以若干社区青少年为典型个案，描述并分析其生存状态，探询越轨行为发生的具体原因；并在借鉴国外社区青少年再教育工作成功经验的基础上，分析目前社区青少年再教育工作的成功与不足，提出了若干仍待解决的问题。本研究以上海市桃浦镇社区青少年为个案选择的研究总体，通过人种志的研究方法，探索社区青少年不同的群体生活，解析其一系列独特的生活经验、体验、情感、思维和行为特征，呈现其真实的生存状态。资料收集及处理的具体方法涉及参与观察法、访谈法、案例及文献分析法等。本研究的主要结论有四点：第一，研究发现社区青少年这一群体的生存环境普遍恶劣：家庭经济条件差、亲子关系不佳、外界对这一群体多持负向评价；第二，越轨是这一群体的核心行为，其中暴力崇拜是男性社区青少年越轨的主要表现，而自我伤害是女性社区青少年越轨的关键词，而逃避生活几乎是所有社区青少年共同的越轨行为；第三，社区青少年的越轨行为同社会转型期的价值观动荡有着密切的联系；第四，在对社区青少年实行再教育的过程中，社区发挥了重要的力量，使得部分社区青少年的生存状况得到了改善，但是其中依然存在尚未解决的问题，有待进一步探讨。本文力图表达的基本观点是：尽管社区青少年越轨行为的发生源于诸多的内外因，但社交限制是导致社区青少年越轨行为的具体原因。其具体机制是：社区青少年同样渴望改变现状，但他们缺乏良好的社交圈，缺少外界社会的良好交流与沟通，当他们在无法通过正当手段获得改变的情况下，选择了越轨。越轨是他们的核心行为。对他们而言，越轨具有某种正向功能：他们在这一群体内部获得一种自我认同。因此，减少越轨行为的有效对策是解除社区青少年的社交限制，这有赖于学校、社区、家庭及相关机构的共同努力。更多还原

【Abstract】 The youth of margin is a kind of group which people pay more attention to nowadays because the youth in this group are who do not go to school, have no job, and no guidance. They are an important part of youth criminal. This thesis chooses some of them as the research point, and analyses the details of their life, the reasons why they did deviant behavior, their re-education present situation, and the problems we still need to solve.This thesis chooses youth of margin in Taopu city in shanghai as the research point with methods of ethnography, observation, deep interview, case study, etc.There are four results of this research: first, the youth of margin faced poor living conditions, such as poverty, bad relationship with their parents, bias by others, etc. Second, deviance is the key word of their behaviors. Violence worship always existed in boys’ hearts; they just beat others to solve the contradiction they faced. As the girls, they always hurt their selves to escape the sufferings. Third, the quake of sense of worth in our society is one of most important reason to cause their deviant behaviors. Forth, fortunately people now pay more and more attention on this group, and they can get re-education in some schools or training organizations and some of the youth of margin changed a lot. But there are still many problems about these people we need to face and solve in the future.This research tries to express: There are many reasons to cause the deviance of youth of margin, and limited of social communication is the specific reason because they are thirst for changing their live, but limited of social communication is a big barrier they face. They have no choice but get what they want and express their anger, un-satisfaction, and make their dreams come true though the deviant behaviors and got a kind of self-cognition.更多还原