【作者】 魏青山；

【导师】 计剑；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 材料学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 随着纳米科学和纳米技术的发展，越来越多的纳米材料被人们掌握和利用。纳米材料和技术在生物医学领域的应用尤为瞩目，纳米医学已经发展成为一门庞大的学科。具有近红外(NIR)响应功能的纳米材料已逐渐成为一类新兴功能材料，在非侵入诊断和治疗领域显示巨大的应用前景。本论文选取具有近红外响应特性的金纳米棒(Au NR)为实验对象，系统考察了种子法制备一维金纳米材料的实验条件，利用一步生长法得到了高产率高质量的金纳米短棒，长径比从1到6可控，表面等离子共振吸收带涵盖了可见光-近红外区域。并对短棒的形貌结构做到了精细调节，制备得到了针状、棒状以及哑铃状短棒。对原三步生长法进行了重复实验，考察了银离子以及不同种子类型对长杆生长的影响，创新地通过调节生长液pH值和活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵浓度，找到了一步快速制备超长金纳米棒的新方法。本论文还设计使用了表面引发原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP)的方法，对具有近红外吸收性能的金纳米棒进行温敏性聚合物——聚异丙基丙稀酰胺(PNIPAAm)的表面修饰，通过“graft-from”的方法得到具有核壳结构的金纳米棒／聚合物复合微粒。实验表明这种纳米复合微粒同时具有温度和近红外光双重响应性能，其温度响应范围为32-37℃。盐酸去甲万古霉素和银离子的装载实验证实了Au NR@PNIPAAm的载药能力。研究表明，药物释放行为同时受到温度和近红外光照射的影响，这种近红外响应的金纳米棒／聚合物壳复合微粒可以作为新一代智能响应性药物传递体系而具有广泛的应用前景。更多还原

【Abstract】 Recent booming of nanoscience and nanotechnology directs people to a new world. As the development of nanoscience, nanoscaled materials are frequently used in biological or biomedical fields. Nanomedicine has already been a very important and individual research subject. Among numerous functional nanomaterials, near infrared (NIR) active materials are especially interesting which open a new door toward the noninvasive diagnosis and therapy.In this thesis, we focus on one class of NIR responsive nanomaterials — gold nanorods. The conventional seed-mediated growth method was repeated and experimental conditions are discussed. High quality and high yield short gold nanorods whose longitudinal band covers the whole visible and NIR region were prepared. More careful modification of the growth condition can lead to fine shape-different products, including rod like, needle like and dogbone like one-dimensional gold nanostructures. A three-step protocol for preparing long gold nanorods has also been reviewed. Novel method based on pH controlled growth strategy has been successfully developed to facile synthesize ultra-long gold nanorods.Moreover, a completely new method named surface initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) was carefully designed to coat NIR responsive gold nanorods with uniform poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) shell. This is the first example of modifying gold nanorods with polymers via "graft-from" method. Further experiment shows these nanohybrids could response to both temperature and NIR exposition well. Phase transition temperature is in a narrow range of 32-37℃. The ability of loading big organic molecule drug like nonvancomycin and small inorganic salt like silver ion was investigated. The drug release experiment revealed a fast release behavior could be induced when exposed to higher environmental temperature or NIR radiation. This kind of NIR remote drug release property shows numerous potential in vivo applications such intelligent drug delivery system.更多还原