基于3S技术的土地利用更新调查的应用研究

【作者】 高照忠；

【导师】 罗志清；

【作者基本信息】 昆明理工大学 ， 地图学与地理信息系统， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 随着近几年经济的快速发展，昆明市五华区土地利用状况发生了翻天覆地的变化，人地矛盾日益突出。为合理利用土地、有效保护耕地，必须查清各类土地的面积、分布和利用情况。初始详查时，采用的技术手段相对落后，加之每年的变更调查未能做到图、数、实地相一致，现有的土地利用现状数据库的精度和程度远远不能满足目前工作的需求。为了彻底查清各类土地的面积、分布和利用情况，采用3S技术，可以大大提高调查和统计的精度，实现图、数、实地一致。3S技术的集成是当前空间信息技术发展的重要方向，在土地管理中具有广阔的应用前景。本论文以昆明市五华区为研究对象，结合3S技术特点和土地利用现状，探讨了3S技术在土地利用更新调查中的应用，具体阐述了基于3S技术的土地利用更新调查的技术路线以及3S技术在土地利用更新调查各环节的技术实现。本论文首先对本次土地利用更新调查采用的遥感数据(SPOT5 2.5米全色波段影响和10米多光谱影像)的处理作了深入的研究：1)对遥感影像正射纠正控制点的选择做了对比分析；2)对遥感影像融合方法做了分析研究。然后，对遥感影像的分类方法做了深入的研究：1)对人工判读分类方法做了详细的阐述；2)对于遥感影像的计算机分类，采用监督／非监督的方法对实验区遥感影像做了分类，并对分类结果与实地调查数据做了对比分析。接着，对GPS技术在土地利用更新调查中的应用做了深入的研究：1)对差分GPS技术的应用研究做了分析研究；2)对手持GPS在土地利用更新调查中的应用做了介绍，对手持GPS技术在新增地物补测中的应用做了精度分析。最后，对本次土地利用更新调查的数据进行入库，用土地利用数据库管理系统软件对本次更新调查数据进行科学化、信息化管理。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years, with the faster development of economy,the land use status in Kunming Wuhua area has the greatly change,which leads to the conflict between the population and land use.In order to use the land reasonably and protect the cultivated land effectively,we must investigate clearly the land area,distributing and the utilization of every species of land.In the initial investigation, because of the relatively behindhand technical method and the change survey not to achieve consistent of the map,number and object every year,So, the accuracy and depth of the present database are not satisfied with the need of work.In order to make a thorough investigation on the area,distributing and utilization of very species of land . we make use of 3S technique which is able to improve the accurity of investigation greatly and achieve consistent of the map ,the number and the object.The integration of 3S technologyplays an leadship in the current spatial information technology development, which has the broad application prospectin the land management. This paper taking the Kunming Wuhua area as the object of study, integrating the 3S technology characteristics and the present land utilization, discusses the application of 3S technology in the land use change survey, and expatiates concretely the technology route of the land use change survey based on the 3S technology as well as technology achievement of 3S in detail.At first this paper makes an in-depth study on the remote sensing data (SPOT5 2.5 meters panchromatic image and over 10 meters spectral image) in the land use change survey: 1)Making a comparative analysis of the orthovideo control station choices ;2)Making analysis to the method of remote sensing image merge.And then, making an embedded study on the method of remote sensing classification :1)Making a particular expatiation to the classification of manual interpretation;2)To the remote sensing calculate classification,using the supervised/unsupervised method to achieve classification to the remote sensing image in the experience area,and making a comparative analysis on the classification result and field survey data.The next step, making an embedded study to the application of 3s technology in the land use change survey: 1)Making analysis to the application of difference GPS technology;2)Making an introduction of hand-held GPS application in the land use change survey,and making an accuracy analysis of hand-held GPS application in the recruit survey object.At last,making the data attained from the land use change survey saved in the database,and managing scientifically the data attained from the land use change survey using the software of the land utilization information更多还原