激光再制造三维运动光束头

【作者】 张兴泉；

【导师】 王云山；

【作者基本信息】 天津工业大学 ， 机械制造及其自动化， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 激光再制造技术是一种全新概念的先进修复技术，它集先进高能束技术、先进数控和计算机技术、CAD／CAM技术、先进材料技术、光电检测控制技术为一体，不仅能使损坏的零件恢复原有或近形尺寸，而且性能达到或超过原基材水平。光束头作为激光再制造技术的重要组成部分，在再制造过程中尤其在对复杂型面零件的再制造过程中发挥至关重要的作用，但现有的光束头只能进行二维平面加工，无法满足激光再制造的要求，为此，综合机械设计的相关理论和计算机数字控制技术，设计并制备了三维运动光束头。采用单片机控制二步进电机以实现光束头能绕竖直轴(z轴)0°～360°转动和绕水平轴(x轴)-60°～+60°摆动，加上原有数控系统在z轴方向上的自由精密可控移动，使光束头具有三维空间工作能力，克服了普通光束头工作空间的限制。该装置主要用于复杂型面零件的制造及再制造，像轴瓦类、螺杆类、以及发动机叶片等零件的修复。在制备三维运动光束头实体的基础上，提出新的设计模型，并对模型实施运动仿真。分析比较理论模型与三维运动光束头实体的优缺点，分别对二者进行ansys静态动力学分析。对三维运动光束头进行再制造基础实验和再制造工业应用实验，基础实验结果验证了三维运动光束头的设计功能，并获得了激光熔覆中该装置的最佳参数范围；工业应用实验部分对蜗杆轴等复杂型面零件进行淬火以及熔覆实验，获得了良好的效果，说明三维运动光束头系统满足激光再制造技术要求，基本解决复杂型面零件的加工问题。更多还原

【Abstract】 The laser remanufacturing technology is a new concept of advanced refabrication technology which combines mechanical engineering, optics, NC, electron, computer, sensor technology, material and other subjects with laser cladding.The technology not only repairs the part ,but also makes the quality better than it was before.As an important composition of laser remanufacturing technology, the laser beam coaxial powder feeding system plays a significant part especially in repairing irregular shape parts. But present laser beam coaxial powder feeding system can’t satisfies the requirement of Laser remanufacturing technology, so, according to laser fabrication theory, a new 3D laser beam coaxial powder feeding system was designed.Under the control of the motor controller which is made up of microprocessor units, two stepping motors fixed on the 3D laser beam coaxial powder feeding system get the system rotating around axial z from 0° to 360°and swinging around axial x from -60°to + 60°,With the linear moving along axial z of Siemens NC system, the 3D laser beam coaxial powder feeding system can overcome the limitations of working space. It was used to repair parts especially irregular shape parts, such as crank shaft, screw, vane and so on.A new model was designed and carried out with locomotion emulate.The analysis between the laser beam coaxial powder feeding system and the new model was carried out by Microsoft of Ansys.In order to test the quality of the 3D laser beam coaxial powder feeding system, lots of experiments were carried out, included basic experiments and industry application experiments. By taking basic experiences, we got the conclusion that the 3D laser beam coaxial powder feeding nozzle was able to swing around axial x and rotate around axial z, and we got the Ideal parameters of of the system in laser cladding. Industrial applications experiments included laser quenching and laser cladding which on the screw and other irregular shape parts. The effect of experiments is good .We got the conclusion that it satisfied the requirement of Laser remanufacturing technology, solved the problem of repairing in irregular shape parts.更多还原