【作者】 王荣荣；

【导师】 黄故； 马崇启；

【作者基本信息】 天津工业大学 ， 纺织材料与纺织品设计， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 长期以来，作为汽车内饰材料的座椅，一直采用火焰复合工艺，即通过火焰使聚氨酯泡沫表层燃烧而与织物复合在一起，该工艺的不足之处是泡沫在燃烧过程中产生有害气体，污染环境、损害人体健康，同时泡沫燃烧还损伤了材料的断裂强力、剥离强力和耐久性，最终导致产品性能劣化。为顺应世界汽车工业轻量化、安全化、舒适化和环保化的发展趋势，需寻找一种材料来取代聚氨酯泡沫，于是提出了研制一种具有弹性的机织物的设想。本课题对3D弹性机织物的组织结构设计、织造工艺进行了系统的研究；对织物压缩弹性回复性能进行了测试与数据分析；对织物的受压变形进行了理论描述。在织物结构设计过程中，本着以结构的变化来实现织物压缩回复弹性性能的目的，设计了10个不同结构，每个结构又依据中间层纬纱根数的增减设计了几个不同的试样。织物的织造工艺，是通过对传统织机进行一系列的改造来实现的。譬如调整吊综高度以提高梭口的清晰度；采用平动式卷取机构，使织物的各层经纱长度相等、同一截面内的纬纱不错位；采用重锤式张力装置，以调整经纱张力的大小；采用分层定位装置，减少了机后重叠、交缠和粘结现象，使开口较清晰。在压缩回复性能的测试与分析过程中，结合人体在坐姿、卧姿下对座椅或床垫的压缩情况，对最大压力进行了模拟和计算；结合织物的用途、泡沫材料压缩性能的测试，利用高度尺和压力圆盘，测试了织物的弹性回复性能，描述了织物厚度随负荷变化、时间变化的曲线；对各因素对织物压缩回复性能的影响用数学方法进行分析；最后对织物采用平板、球形压缩两种方法进行压缩变形分析，并借助于压杆模型对中间支撑部分的弯曲挠度进行了探讨。研究结果表明，以结构的变化来实现织物弹性性能的要求是可行的、有效的，而且能够满足织物舒适性、环保性等要求。更多还原

【Abstract】 For a long time, car seat as interior decoration material of car was produced by flame compound process which combines fabric with polyurethane foam by burning. However, its shortcoming is that foam combustion not only produces deleterious gas, pollutes environment and harmful to human healthy, but damages material strength at rupture, peel-off strength and wear-life which ultimately results in deterioration of mechanical performance. For adapting well to developing trend of world automobile lightweight, security, comfort and environmental feasibility, a kind of new material used for replacing polyurethane foam should be researched. Based on the demand, this article brings forward conceive of developing fabric with elasticity.First, texture design and weaving process for three-dimensional elastic fabric are completely researched. Furthermore, compression and elastic reversion performance of fabric is tested and analyzed. Finally, fabric deformation under compression is described in theory.During the structure design of fabric, this paper designs ten different weares and each is woven with several different samples according to increase or decrease of middle-layer weft densities, which changes structure of fabric for the purpose of realizing compression and elastic reversion performance of its own. Weaving process is finished via a series of reconstructions for traditional loom. For instance, adjusting heddle height to improve shed articulation, adopting translatory take-up mechanism to make each layer of wrap ends have the equal length and no initial off set at the same weft section and using flake locator device to reduce overlapping, winding and felting phenomenon and make clear shed.During test and analysis of compression and reversion performance, function curve of the biggest pressure is simulated and computed in view of human compression to seats or mattress under sitting or lying. According to fabric use and compression property test of foam material, elastic reversion performance is tested and curves of thickness along with burthen and time change are described. The influence of every factor over compression and reversion performance is analyzed with mathematicsmethod. In the end, deformation under between flat and sphere compression is analyzed and mid-layer bending is discussed by the aid of strut-and-tie model.From the research results, it can be found that realizing elastic performance of woven fabric via changing structure not only is feasible and effective, but can meet comfortable and environmental requirements.更多还原