【作者】 于飞；

【导师】 王俊；

【作者基本信息】 大庆石油学院 ， 化学工艺， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 本论文系统介绍了树枝状大分子和聚醚型表面活性剂的研究进展。采用“发散合成法”合成了以乙二胺为核、端基为胺基的1.0G树枝状大分子聚酰胺-胺(PAMAM),利用其氮原子上含有的高反应活性的氢与环氧乙烷(EO)、环氧丙烷(PO)共聚,合成了一系列不同分子量、EO/PO比的树枝状二嵌段聚醚,并对其性能进行了研究。采用端基滴定法测定了树枝状聚醚产品的相对分子质量;应用吊环法测定了其表面张力;应用降温法测定了其浊点,计算出产品的HLB值,并用水数对其HLB值进行了表征。研究了产品的相对分子质量、EO/PO对其表面活性、浊点的影响。配制了稳定的原油模拟乳液,应用瓶试法评价了其破乳性能。重点考察了产品的EO/PO、用量、温度对其破乳性能的影响,并与现场应用的破乳剂SP-169的破乳效果进行了对比。此外,论文还对树枝状聚醚的破乳机理进行了初步的探讨。研究结果表明:树枝状聚醚分子量的变化对其性能的影响不大,主要影响因素取决于EO/PO,树枝状聚醚的浊点、HLB值、表面张力随着EO/PO比的减小而降低,其中EO/PO为1/4树枝状聚醚DPE-7具有较好的破乳性能。DPE-7的最佳破乳条件为125mg/L、50℃条件下,破乳率为85%,脱出水含油量为136.0 mg/L ,相同条件下SP-169破乳率为35%,、脱出水含油量为117.6mg/L,而SP-169较DPE-7脱出水较清。更多还原

【Abstract】 The thesis has systematically introduced the progress of dendrimers and polyether surfactant. The 1.0G polyamidoamine was synthesized by divergent synthesis using ethyleneiamine as a raw material. A series of block dendritic polyether were synthesized using PAMAM as initiator. These two block products have different EO/PO value、relative molecular weight. Performance of these surfactants was also studied. The relative molecular weight of these polyethers was measured by the end group titration method.The surface tension of these dendritic polyethers was measured by the flying ring method. The cloud points of these dendritic polyethers were measured by elevated temperature method. Its HLB value was calculated by the cloud point, and the relationship between water number and HLB value was studied. Demulsification of W/O emulsion from Daqing Oilfield was studied by with the bottle testing method. The effects of EO/PO value, demulsifier dosage, and temperature on the demulsification performance were examined by using DPE-7. The demulsification performance of DPE-7 was contrast with SP-169 at the same condition. Furthermore, the mechanism of demulsification has been also studied.The results show that the molecular weight of the dendritic polyether has little effectt on product properties, and their properties are dependent on the EO/PO ratio. The cloud point, HLB value and surface tension of the polyethers decrease with the decrease of EO/PO ratio. The DPE-7 has the best demulsification performance. The demulsification results of DPE-7 of 125mg/L are obtained at 50℃in 90min: the dehydrate rate is 85%. the dehydrate rate of the SP-169 only reached 35% at the same condition, separated water clear compare with DPE-7.更多还原