【作者】 高平；

【导师】 王科社；

【作者基本信息】 北京机械工业学院 ， 机械设计及理论， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 高速度、高效率、高精度加工是现代加工技术追求的主要目标。为了满足这种需要,必须开发出能实现这些目标的高速机床部件。实现机床高速化的关键就是要使机床主轴系统及进给系统高速化,而这两个系统高速化的最理想途径是使系统的环节减少,采用直接驱动的方法。直接驱动的主轴,即电主轴,目前已在数控机床上得到应用。采用力矩电机实现高速、高动态性能的主轴头直接驱动系统的研究还处于起步阶段。针对这种趋势,围绕数控机床高速化关键部件之一的镗铣头系统开展研究,目的是要掌握力矩电机在镗铣头系统中应用的特点、系统设计理论,为推广应用这类系统提供依据。首先,分析了制造业的发展趋势、高速加工的主要特点及对五轴联动数控机床结构的影响和主要要求,然后介绍了国内外直接驱动在高速数控机床上的应用研究现状,在此基础上,说明了研究的背景、对象和意义。接着,论述了力矩电动机的特点,主要配件的选择,完成了零传动万能自动镗铣头机械结构设计,创造性地提出了机、电、液的在相对运动间的耦合问题的解决方案。通过镗铣头三维数字模型的建立,可以在数字模型上,检查机构动、静干涉情况,消除设计错误,进行了机构运动仿真,验证了机构的工作原理。为了满足高速切削的需要,采用有限元法对重要零件进行了静力分析,对镗铣头进行了模态分析,根据分析结果对镗铣头的结构及尺寸进行了优化改进,为获得整机的良好动态性能奠定了基础。最后,根据全文的研究结果进行了总结,并对镗铣头热应力分析和其它需要进一步开展的工作进行了展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 The main aim of modern process technology is high speed,high efficiency and high precision machining. For this demand, high speed machine tool components must be developed. The key of high-speed for machine tools is high-speed for the main spindle system and the feed system. And the most ideal approach of high-speed for the two systems is to reduce system links and adopt direct drive. The main spindle direct driven,i.e. electrical main spindle, has been applied to digital control machine tool at present. The research of the spindle head system directly driven by the torque motor for the high speed, high dynamic performance is in a starting stage. In accordance with this trend, the research around boring & milling head, which is one of critical components for high-speed numerical control machine tool, is under development. The goal is to get command of the behavior and the systematic design theory of applying torque motor at spindle head system, and to offer the foundation for extending and applying this system.At first, the developing trend of manufacturing industry, the main features of the high speed processing and the influence and main demands to the structure of five-axes NC machine tools are analyzed. The present situation of application and research for direct driving at high speed digital control at home and abroad are introduced. Afterwards, on this basis, the research background, the object and the meaning are explained. Subsequently, the characteristic of torque motor, the selection of the main components are discussed, and the machine structural design of direct driven universal boring & milling head has been completed. The resolvent of coupling problem among relative motion of machine, electricity and fluid is brought forward creatively. By building three-dimensional digital modeling of the boring & milling head, the static and dynamic interference states can be checked in the digitalmodel and design error can be cleared up. The mechanism motion simulation is carried out, and the mechanism operating principle is verified. To meet the demands of the high speed machining the static force analysis of the key components is carried out by the finite element method, the modal analysis of boring & milling head is carried out, and its structure and sizes are optimized according to the analyzing result. That establishes the foundation for obtaining favorable dynamic performance. Finally, a summary based on the research findings is given, and the thermal stress analysis and the needs of further pursuit forecast.更多还原