【作者】 刘娟；

【导师】 李润东；

【作者基本信息】 沈阳航空工业学院 ， 安全技术及工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 垃圾焚烧飞灰作为特殊的危险废物，具有重金属浸出浓度高和二恶英毒性当量大的双重危害特性；而混合型垃圾焚烧飞灰(洗涤器灰和布袋除尘灰)的高氯、高钙硅比与强碱性的特点，导致了其处理难度的加大。城市污水厂污泥产量巨大，环境污染严重。烧结、熔融等高温处理方法具有处理处置效果好，减容减量的优点，成为国际上流行的处理方法。本文提出垃圾焚烧飞灰与污水污泥混合烧结的技术路线，并开展一系列小型实验研究。 对飞灰及污泥进行热分析，将垃圾焚烧飞灰与污水厂污泥混合做成球形试件，在不同操作条件下(包括添加剂、烧结时间、烧结温度和原料配比)进行烧结实验。通过对烧结产品理化性质(包括烧结产品抗压强度、密度变化率、减容率、烧失率)的分析研究寻求各种操作条件对烧结处理的影响，以确定垃圾焚烧飞灰与污泥混合烧结的最佳条件。实验结果表明：焚烧飞灰与污泥比例为7:3，加入1％的添加剂时、在1080℃下烧结90min可以得到最佳的烧结产物性能。 城市垃圾焚烧飞灰和污泥的烧结过程伴随着重金属的迁移，本文研究了烧结处理过程中重金属迁移特性。首先，采用高温管式炉对垃圾焚烧飞灰和污泥进行烧结实验，然后使用原子吸收光谱仪对烧结前后样品中重金属含量进行测试，考察烧结过程中5种金属(Cd，Pb，Cu，Zn和Ni)的迁移情况，并分析烧结温度、时间、添加剂等因素对各种金属迁移特性的影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 Municipal solid waste incineration （MSWI） fly ash was defined as a special hazardous waste world-widely, because of high leaching concentration of the heavy metals and high toxicity equivalent of dioxin-like compounds. Moreover, the mixed MSWI fly ash collected from semi-dry scrubber and fabric bag-house has a high content of chlorides, high ratio of CaO to SiO₂, and strong alkalinity, which increased the difficulty for its disposal. And swage sludge needs to be well treated too, because its containing of heavy metal and organic matter. Thermal treatment has the advantages of good treating effect and reducing the amount of fly ash and it becomes a tendency treating in the world. So, this paper is about the sintered process of the MSW fly ash and sewage sludge. The sintering treatment of fly ash and sludge were performed on orbicular specimens and at different operating conditions （include additive, sintering times, temperature, and component ratio）. In order to determine the best sintering condition of which sintering process from MSW fly ash and sewage sludge were investigated the influence of various factors on characteristics of sintered product（compression strength, density fluctuations ratio, volume change ratio and ignition loss ratio）. Results indicate that sintering product can be as lightweight aggregate reused for construction concrete under the best work condition (addition 1% borax, sintered time at 90min, sintering temperature at 1080℃, content ratio at 7:3.The process of sinter MSW fly ash and swage sludge can engender heavy metals migration. The migration characteristics of during sinter MSW fly ash and swage sludge was studied in the paper. The tube furnace was used in the experiment of sintering and the atomic-absorption spectrophotometer was used to determine the contents of heavy metals in the samples. This study investigated the migration characteristics of 5 heavy metals（Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn and Ni） in the sintering process of MSWI fly ash and swage sludge, and analyzed the influence of temperature and residence time onto the migration characteristics of heavy metals.更多还原