【作者】 李静；

【导师】 张芝涛；

【作者基本信息】 大连海事大学 ， 环境科学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 由船舶压载水引发的外来生物入侵性传播对海洋环境造成的危害，已被全球环境基金组织（Global Environment Facility，GEF）确认为危害海洋的四大威胁之一。强电场放电法能产生羟基自由基（·OH），对海洋中微小生物有很强的杀灭效果，因而强电场放电法能成为理想的压载水治理方法。 由于·OH半衰期不到10μs，且与有机物的氧化反应速度快、无选择，导致其消耗速度很快。为使处理压载水有较好且稳定的效果，必须提高·OH的产生量。强电场放电过程还会产生大量臭氧（O₃），为把O₃高效的转化为·OH以提高压载水处理效率，本课题结合国家自然科学基金项目“气体电离放电治理微生物入侵性传播研究（60371035）”研究了水体pH对强电场放电处理压载水工艺中·OH产量以及压载水处理效果的影响，力图探索一种提高·OH产量的方法。 在机理性实验中，采用·OH探针化合物法研究去离子水、海水中pH变化对强电场电离放电协同制取·OH的影响，结果表明：增加pH值能够提高系统·OH的产量，并且得出了·OH产量与溶液中氢氧根（OH^-）浓度的量化关系。 以亚心形扁藻、小心月菱形藻为处理对象，进一步研究了pH对·OH处理压载水效果的影响，结果表明：水体pH值的增加能够提高藻的杀灭率；经相同处理时间后，pH越高的溶液的藻液光密度值越小，叶绿素a的去除率越大。 尽管通过加入强碱来增加pH的方法引发、促进了O₃分解为·OH的链反应，但结合向压载水中加碱的负面影响，该方法还需审慎研究，应该探索更加符合压载水处理标准的绿色型引发、促进剂。 本研究成果不仅为强电场电离放电处理压载水效果的影响因素研究打下了基础，而且为研究提高·OH产量的其它方法提供了参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 The introduction of invasive marine species into new environments by ships’ ballast water has been identified by the GEF as one of the four greatest threats to the world’s oceans. For strong-field ionization discharge is able to produce hydroxyl radicals （OH） which could oxidate various organic and inorganic matters becase of it’s strong oxidation, strong-field ionization discharge would become perfect method of ballast water treatment.The consumption of -OH is too fast, because of its strong oxidation and halflife within10μs. In order to have stabile efficiency of ballast water treatment, the yeild of -OH must be improved. There is also ozone produced by strong-field ionization discharge, for the sake of transforming O₃ to -OH effectively, and based on the key NSFC Project （No.60371035） this paper study the effect of the pH value on the OH yeild in the ballast water treatment and the efficiency of treatment by strong-field ionization discharge, trying to find a method which could improve the -OH yeild.Using the method of -OH-probe to study the effect of pH value on the -OH yeild in deionized water and seawater, the improvement of pH value could increase the OH yeild and gained the dependence relation between OH and the concentration of OH^-.Taking P.subcorodiformis and Nitzschia dosterum as objects, we study the effect of the pH value on the ballast water treatment, and the conclusions is the pH could improve the inactivation of these two kinds of alga and with the increasement of pH the OD value is getting lesser and the elimination of Cha. is greater.Although the increasement of pH is able to improve the OH yeild, it need to be prudent to use this method because of the negative side of puting alkalies into the ballast water. Thereby we should search other green initiator and promoter which much more更多还原