【作者】 毛程奇；

【导师】 张芝涛；

【作者基本信息】 大连海事大学 ， 环境工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 中国是以煤炭为主的能源生产大国和消费大国，是典型煤炭型污染国家，烟尘污染是制约中国可持续发展战略实施的重大问题之一。目前，电除尘技术的理论尚不完备，电除尘器还存在体积大、投资高、捕集微细烟尘的效率较低等问题。为提高除尘器的性能，实现预荷电装置的小型化，本课题结合国家自然科学基金重点资助项目国家自然科学基金资助项目“离子在高气压强电场中运动规律及其应用的基础研究”(60471036)和国家自然科学基金资助项目“电收尘器的交变强电场离子荷电凝聚研究”(50578020)，采用直流高电压负电晕放电，进行了烟道中离子浓度变化规律实验，并利用电凝并方法在电除尘器烟道中增加预荷电装置，进行了交变电场荷电凝并实验研究。实验结果如下： (1) 气流速度越大输运出的离子越多，烟道中气流速度是除尘电场中的10倍左右，将预荷电装置安装于烟道中，离子浓度比除尘电场中高约一个数量级，有利于提高粉尘的荷电量，增强带电粒子的凝并作用。 (2) 交变电场比直流电场更利于带电粒子凝并，电场频率为40Hz时效果最佳。 (3) 电凝并作用使粒子粒径增大21％左右，安装预荷电装置后，总除尘效率提高了2.6-3.5％。 这个结果说明在烟道中安装预荷电装置可以增大粉尘的粒径，提高电除尘器的除尘效率。同时烟道中的预荷电装置比普通的预荷电装置体积小，且不用额外增加电除尘器的体积，有利于进一步实现电除尘器的小型化。更多还原

【Abstract】 At present, the theoretics of electrostatic precipitation is imperfect. There are some problems about the existing electrostatic precipitator, such as large volume, high cost and low efficiency of micro-size soot collecting. To improve the technical performance of electrostatic precipitator, achieve the miniaturization of pre-charge equipment, pre-charge equipment is installed in the soot channel of electrostatic precipitator, charge and conglomeration experiments in AC electric-field are conducted. The results of the experiments are as follow:(1)Ionic concentration can be enhanced through increasing rate of gas flow. So adding a pre-charge facility in soot channel can increase ionic concentration to be about 1 order of magnitude greater than it is in the field of electrostatic precipitation. (2)The process of particle agglomeration is strengthened by a high voltage AC electric field after the pre-charge facility. Results show that the facility can has good effect on soot charge and agglomeration; best effect can be obtained when the frequency of AC electric field is 40Hz.(3)The pre-charge facility is propitious to improve the technology performance of electrostatic precipitator. After the pre-charge facility is installed, the particle diameter and the efficiency of electrostatic precipitator have been increased 21%, 2.6-3.5%, respectively.The results show that both particle diameter and efficiency of electrostatic precipitator can be enhanced by installing pre-charge facility in soot channel. At the same time, it is also beneficial to realize the miniaturization of electrostatic precipitator, for the volume of pre-charge facility in soot channel is small than that of normal one, it needn’t additional extra increase the volume of the electrostatic precipitator.更多还原