【作者】 李强；

【导师】 丁社教；

【作者基本信息】 西北工业大学 ， 政治学理论， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 体育产业的迅猛发展是当今经济发展中不可忽视的重要现象，在我国体育界的职业化改革进程加快和即将举办2008年奥运会的背景下，有必要对这一问题投入更多的关注。通过笔者的研究发现，与西方发达国家相比，我国职业体育的发展在很多方面都存在着问题，需要从理论上对职业化改革的实践有更多的探讨和指引。本文正是从这个角度出发，通过对西方发达国家发展职业体育的最佳模式——职业体育俱乐部的体制的考察，总结其各方面特点，尤其是在法律环境构建上的先进经验，再参照我国目前的实际情况，以期从法学研究的角度为我国职业体育俱乐部的法制化改革指出一条可行的路径。 本文运用组织理论、公共选择理论、法学等理论，采用文献资料法、专家访谈法和逻辑分析法，研究了美国职业体育俱乐部的特征，以及其依据的组织原理和法律环境，以期为我国职业体育发展提供借鉴。研究结论如下： 1、职业体育俱乐部属于行业组织，有其特殊的组织形式，这一独特的组织形式与世界上职业体育发展有密切的关系。西方竞技体育强国，尤其是美国的成功经验之一，就是拥有强有力的职业体育俱乐部组织。其实践上的成功，存在巨大的说服力，有值得我们学习和借鉴之处。 2、我国目前的职业体育俱乐部改革还存在诸多问题，突出表现在宏观层面上联赛的管理体制不尽合理，具有浓厚行政色彩的单项体育协会掌握了过多的管理权限，而联赛的真正投资者职业俱乐部却处于无权状态；微观层面上各职业俱乐部产权关系不明晰，内部组织管理混乱，难以适应市场开发的要求。要改革这样的现状，就必须同时从这两大方面入手，以建立真正意义的职业体育俱乐部为标准来衡量，从立法的角度扫清现存的各种障碍。 3、职业体育俱乐部在运作过程中还涉及到很多法律问题，比如其特殊的劳资关系在劳工法及竞争法上面临的问题，其市场开发过程中涉及的大量知识产权保护的问题，为其带来巨额收益的电视转播权在法律上面临的相关问题等等都有其特殊性和研究价值。而对于我国来说，这些方面的缺位更加明显，要为建立真正的职业体育俱乐部创造完善的法律环境，还有很长的路要走。更多还原

【Abstract】 The fast development of sports industries is an inevitable phenomenon of prevailing economic development. Against the background of acceleration of professionalization reform in sports industries and 2008 Olympic Games to be held, it is worthwhile that more attention be drawn on this issue. Based on my research, there are many problems to solve throughout the development of professional sports league in China when compared to that of western developed countries. More discussions and guidance shall be applied to the practice of reform in theory. From this point of view, the author of this essay has reviewed the best pattern for development of professional sports industries in western developed countries - Professional Sports League System. Summarizing the merits, especially those advanced experiences on the frame of the legal environment, and referring to the actual situation in our country, this essay has tried to point out a feasible way to follow for the deep reform in professional sports industries from the angle of the law researches.The character, organization principle, legal environment of Leagues were discussed with the theories of organization, public choice, civil law, economic analysis law by methods of literature, expert discussion and logic analysis. The conclusions are following:1、Professional Sports Clubs is attributed to trade union with special organization structure that had close relationship with the miracle development of professional sports allover the world. Professional Sports Clubs is different with common corporation leagues. Western country, especially of American, makes succeed from have strongly Leagues.2、There are still many problems in the prevailing reform of the professional sports industries. Macroscopically, the management system of the sports league is not quite reasonable. Monomial sports associations with dense administrative power have predominated too many management rights while the actual investors of the sports league are left with no rights to enjoy. Microcosmically, the unclear property rights among different professional clubs and chaotic inner management systems are unable to meet the requirements of the market exploitation. In order to change this situation, we must carry out the reform from two aspects so as to build the criteria of judgment based on the establishment of the real professional sports league and clean off the obstacles from the angle of legislation.3、More problems regarding laws will appear in the operation of the professional sports league, like he problems to face in management union relationships with regards to labor laws and更多还原