【作者】 张华；

【导师】 范玮；

【作者基本信息】 西北工业大学 ， 人机与环境工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 自Hoffman于1940年提出了爆震燃烧推进的概念以来，对于利用爆震燃烧产生推力的推进系统的研究已经进行了六十多年，各个国家都取得了不同程度的进展。但要使这种新概念发动机用于航空、航天推进系统中，仍需突破许多关键技术，其中燃料混合物的喷射与混合就是一个亟待解决的技术难题。 本文就是围绕脉冲爆震火箭发动机的喷注器雾化这一中心，结合发动机爆震特性，以实验的方法验证各种形式喷注器性能，从而找到更好的，最有利于爆震性能的雾化、混合方法。本文中各种实验设备均是自行设计完成，设计思路及内容在文中均有详细介绍。 本文的主要研究了三个方面内容：首先，测试与爆震试验供应压力一致的各不同工况下的混合物索太尔平均直径(SMD)，实验中采用水／压缩空气模拟煤油／氧气。结果表明随着空气压力、水压力的增加，SMD减小。与热态爆震实验比较可知，该冷念实验装置可以满足模拟热态实验雾化效果的需要，且带头部的离心喷嘴的爆震性能好于直射喷嘴的；其次，研究了喷注器结构对脉冲爆震火箭发动机(PDRE)雾化性能的影响。测试了与爆震试验供应压力一致的各不同工况下直向进气、切向进气两种喷注器结构的混合物索太尔平均直径(SMD)。结果表明，由于受扰流影响不同，直向进气结构喷注器雾化性能优于切向进气结构喷注器。同时，在相同工况下热态实验验证中得出了同样结论；最后，由自行设计、制造的液念燃料闪蒸系统(FVS)加热液体至沸点温度以上，使其在由喷嘴喷出的一瞬间发生相变，提高其雾化性能。结果表明蒸发后的雾化性能优于液态下的液滴雾化。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since Hoffman put forward the concept of detonation combustion in 1940, the study of detonation combustion has passed sixty years, many countries have made different progress. However, many key technologies such as spraying and mixture of fuel were awaited to be solved urgently if want to use the new concept engine in the fields of aviation and spaceflight.Focus on the atomization system of Pulse Detonation Rocket Engine (PDRE), combined with detonation performance, this thesis tested performance of each kind of atomization installation for find a best way to be advantageous to detonation performance. Every injector structure was designed independently, the design and the content have the detailed introduction in the thesis.The thesis include three portions: to begin with the Sauter Mean Diameters ( SMD ) in different working conditions were measured using Marvern sizer, compressed air was utilized to model compressed oxygen and water to liquid fuel. The results show that the higher the pressure of air and water, the less the SMD. Based on the verification with detonation experiments, it is concluded that the atomization performance of a swirl nozzle is superior to that of a simple nozzle. Secondly, the influence of injector structure on atomization performance of PDRE is experimentally investigated in this paper. In cold tests, The SMD in different working conditions and different injector structure were measured using Marvern sizer. The results show that the atomization performance of a radial inlet injector is superior to that of a tangential inlet injector. Based on the verification with detonation experiments, the same conclusion was obtained. Finally, fuel was heated to higher than boiling point temperature by the Flash Vaporization System(FVS) and was vaporized as soon as sprayed from nozzle. In this way, the atomization granularity of been heated is smaller than unheated.更多还原