【作者】 李楠；

【导师】 王国华；

【作者基本信息】 上海交通大学 ， 法律， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 民事诉讼法中有关举证责任的基本原则、举证责任的分配、举证责任的免除、举证责任的倒置、举证责任中的推定以及举证责任中的证明标准等等在海商法中均有所体现。有鉴于此,本论文对海事火灾免责下举证责任的研究是建立在对一般民事举证责任分析的基础上,结合海商法特点,重点对我国的《海商法》、《海牙规则》、《海牙/威斯比规则》、《汉堡规则》等国际公约以及欧美等一些国家的相关法律规定做了具体的比较和分析。最后,提出本人的几点建议,包括法律上的完善和实务上托运人可采取的对策两方面。本文共分为四章。第一章,首先简述了海事火灾免责之举证制度的形成,然后在论述了举证责任分配的一般理论的基础上,提出了对当前海事火灾免责下举证责任分配的质疑,从支配举证责任分配的价值准则及公平性等方面着重论述当前海事火灾免责下举证责任分配制度的不足。第二章,对国际公约的相关规定以及美国和一些欧洲航运大国的相关法律制度做了比较研究和分析。第三章,对我国目前的海事火灾免责之举证制度进行了讨论,并在对火灾起因作出了分类的基础上研究承运人的举证责任。第四章,针对我国当前的不公平的举证制度,本人提出了几点建议:首先从法律上完善,这还需要一个较长的过度时期;其次,从实务上论证了托运人或索赔人可采取的对策,包括降低火灾隐患的预防措施和火灾发生后的证据搜集。更多还原

【Abstract】 The general principles of burden of proof in civil procedure law, such as the allotment of burden of proof, the exemption of burden of proof, the reversal of burden of proof, the presumption of burden of proof and the standard of burden of proof, also apply in the maritime law. According to this, the research, in this paper, of the burden of proof in the case of fire-exemption in maritime law, is based on the analysis of general principles of burden of proof in Civil Law. Meanwhile, taking into account the specialties of maritime law, I make a comparison of the rules of burden of proof among Hague Rules, Hague-Visby Rules, Hamburg Rules, China Maritime Code, and the relevant rules or laws of the European countries and the U.S.. At last, Several suggestions are given, which include the perfect of law and the measures that could be taken by the consigner. This paper consists of four chapters:In chapterΙ: First, a brief introduction of the development of the burden of proof of fire-exemption is given; then, on the basis of the study of the general theory of proof of burden, I give my suspicion about the impartiality of the present system in this aspect, especially from the aspects of the guide lines of the allocation of burden of proof and justice. In the following, I state the necessity of the existence of this system of the burden of proof of fire-exemption, and the destination of its development.In chapterΠ: I make a comparison study of Hague Rules, Hague-Visby Rules, Hamburg Rules and the relevant rules or laws of the European countries and the U.S.. In chapterШ: I make a detailed study of the rules of burden of proof of fire-exemption in China Maritime Code, and give a further research of the burden of proof borne by the carrier on the basis of the analysis of the cause of fire disaster. In chapter IV: Taking into account of the unfair system of burden of proof of fire-exemption, I give several suggestions: first, the perfect of the China Maritime Code, which , of course, takes a long time; second, several measures that could be taken by the consigner, which include the preventive measures of fire disaster and the search of evidence.Of course, my study in this paper is only an effort, as a maritime law learner, to make the specialists and scholars pay more attention to this problem.更多还原