【作者】 金雯；

【导师】 程效军；

【作者基本信息】 同济大学 ， 摄影测量与遥感， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 交通事故不仅给国家和人民的生命财产造成巨大的经济损失，并且引起了道路通行能力的下降甚至道路交通的完全中断。交通事故现场勘查作为交通事故法定处理程序中承上启下的最重要环节，要求及时迅速、细致完备、客观全面。 传统采用皮尺量距、手工绘图的事故勘查方法和手段，已经远远不能适应现代交通事故快速处理的要求。三维激光扫描技术在获取空间信息方面提供了一种全新的技术手段，使传统的单点采集数据变为连续自动获取数据。三维激光扫描技术集光学、机械、电气控制和计算机技术于一体，主要是获取目标的线、面、体、空间等三维实测数据并进行高精度的三维逆向建模。利用三维激光扫描技术测量具有方式灵活、精度高、速度快等特点，将其应用于交通事故处理，能在较短时间内快速测量事故现场连续的三维数据，缩短事故现场对正常交通活动和交通秩序的干扰时间。 本文主要讨论了三维激光扫描技术的发展以及事故现场勘查的传统方法；对于扫描数据中包含的大量噪声点，介绍了点云数据预处理的内容以及方法，其中包括去除噪声、去除冗余点以及区域分割的方法，并基于Visual Basic平台，编程实现了数据处理的过程；针对三维激光扫描仪无法获取的三维数据，结合摄影测量技术建立的模型予以补充，通过两组实验得到了较好的结果，证明了该方法的可行性，并讨论了该方法的适用范围；事故现场扫描实验以校区内模拟的事故现场为例，通过事故现场扫描获取的三维数据，进行车辆的三维建模以及损坏车辆的检测，并绘制事故现场平面图。 最后，对论文中所遇到的问题和今后需要进一步研究的工作做了简要的讨论。更多还原

【Abstract】 Traffic accident brings not only the economy loss but also the traffic jam. Reconnaissance of traffic accident scene plays an important role in the accident process. It requires being quick, external and integrating.The way of present accident reconnaissance, which is measured with skinny ruler and drawn manually, cannot meet the needs of quick disposal in modern traffic accident and it causes traffic jam sometimes. 3D Laser scanning technology provides a new technical method in spatial information acquirement. It advances measuring efficiency by transforming conventional single point collection to series automatic data capture. 3D Laser scanning technology consists of optics, machine, electron and computer techniques. It acquires 3D data and constructs 3D model. Thereby, application of laser technology to traffic accident can quickly obtain sequential 3D data of accident scene because of its peculiarity in flexibility, high accuracy and rapidity. That helps shorten interfering time when accident happens.This paper discusses development of 3D laser scanning technology and accident scene reconnaissance. It expounds some methods of point cloud data preprocess including noise wiping off, redundant points eliminating and regional partition etc. Meanwhile some programme that realizes methods above has been compiled. To recruit the data not acquired by laser scanner, the paper sets up a model from several photos, and combines two kinds of models to a nice result. In the experiment, scan simulative accident scene, acquire 3D information, construct car model and create accident scene drawing.Finally, the problems met in this paper and further studies required are discussed.更多还原