【作者】 张帆；

【导师】 秦荻辉；

【作者基本信息】 西安电子科技大学 ， 外国语言学及应用语言学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 过去几十年中文学翻译取得了很大发展,但作为文学翻译分支之一的电影翻译却没有在翻译界引起应有的关注。译制片得到了中国广大观众的喜爱,电影译制也成了中国电影界的一门艺术,然而与之不相符的是在翻译界至今尚未形成有关电影翻译成熟的翻译理论。根据功能翻译理论的“目的论”,翻译过程的至高原则是该翻译活动本身的目的。同时,目的论吸收了“行为理论”的元素,认为翻译过程是人与人之间的交互行为,而不仅仅是由译者一人所决定的过程。因此翻译作品应该是在翻译活动所要达成目的的指引之下,对这一行为过程相关的各方进行分析,权衡选择后确定翻译策略,而后进行翻译形成的结果。电影翻译是一种有目的的行为。电影翻译的任务是在时间和空间制约之下,根据导演及剧作者的意图(通过画面、表现风格等)向处在特定文化背景中的观众最有效的传达最相关的信息。传统翻译理论通常采用的是自下而上的翻译流程。从研究文章的字、词、句开始,再到段落和篇章,最后是文章的文体风格。此种方法易使译者偏离翻译的方向。而功能翻译理论采用的是自上而下的翻译流程。在翻译过程中,首先,根据影响翻译的各方面因素进行分析,得出翻译活动应达成的目的;而后确定达成该目的所适用的翻译类型;再进一步根据环境制约因素、受众特点及文章的语言特点确定具体翻译策略。首先把握翻译任务的全局,然后在此框架下研究字词句的处理方法并确定翻译策略。本文采用此方法对电影翻译进行了自上而下的分析,并着重讨论了实际翻译中翻译策略的选择。在具体策略的讨论中,根据采集到的同一原文的不同译文,对照翻译活动目的及类型,进行比较研究,尝试对特定类型问题的一般翻译方法进行总结。另一方面,本文也指出了功能对等翻译在电影翻译中的局限性,即翻译过程中“归化”的度的处理以及源语观众和目的语观众之间所产生反应的可比度。文章最后指出“功能对等”理论能为电影翻译提供一种新思路、一种新方法,可以帮助克服很多棘手的问题,但“功能对等”翻译在电影翻译过程中也不是万能的。一部成功的译制片需要翻译工作者、配音演员以及译制导演等多方面的通力合作和努力。更多还原

【Abstract】 The last few decades witnessed the rapid development of literary translation, but the branch of movie translation has not gained deserved attention in translation circles. On the other hand, dubbed movies have gained increasing popularity among Chinese audience and the art of dubbing has developed into a special art in China. It seems paradoxical that there are still no relatively mature theories on movie translation.According to the functionalist theory, translation is a purposeful activity. In the functionalist theory, translation is regarded as interpersonal interaction, rather than an action solely decided by the translator himself/herself .Therefore, a translation is the result of choices after analysis. Movie translation is a purposeful activity. The purpose of Movie translation is, with the constraints of time and space and in line with the intention of the directors and screenwriters, to convey to the audience in a specific culture the most relevant information.A bottom-up procedure has been applied in traditional translation theories. The procedure starts from linguistic elements such as words, phrases and sentences to texts, and finally to the stage of polishing the text stylistically according to the communicative situation it is intended for. Translators are easily distracted from the right direction of the translation task if they only focus on the lower level of the text. However, a top-down procedure is used in the functionalist theory.In conclusion, this thesis points out that the functional equivalence theory can provide a new sight in movie translation and help resolve a lot of difficult problems, and however, that it is not always applicable to movie translation. Making a satisfactory dubbed movie translation needs effective cooperation among translators, directors and dubbing actors or actresses.更多还原