【作者】 林城；

【导师】 朱伟；

【作者基本信息】 河海大学 ， 岩土工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 为解决我国污泥的处理处置问题，本文提出在短期内实现量多面广的污泥的安全处置，长期上走多途径，因地制宜的资源化道路的思路。基于此采用固化／稳定化的方法对污泥进行处理。本文在污泥固化处理骨架构建的基础上，提出了以钙基膨润土为添加剂辅助水泥固化／稳定化处理污泥的骨架构建实用技术，开展了固化处理后污泥的基本岩土工程性质和污泥中污染物稳定性控制的效果评价，并对固化污泥强度的形成机理进行了初步的探讨，具体的内容包括： (1) 对骨架构建材料淤泥的组成及其在骨架构建中的作用进行了分析。在此基础上比较了不同粘土矿物作为辅助添加剂对固化污泥的力学强度和污染物稳定性的影响，结果表明选用以蒙脱石为主要成分的膨润土作为辅助添加剂对污泥固化的效果促进作用最大。同时，结合材料的经济性考虑，提出了以钙基膨润土为添加剂辅助水泥对污泥进行固化／稳定化处理的方法。 (2) 从力学强度、体积安定性、渗透特性及干湿耐久性等方面内容的研究对采用膨润土为辅助添加剂固化处理的污泥固化体进行了岩土工程性质的效果评价。结果表明，膨润土的掺入能保证低水泥掺入量下固化体达到较高的强度，低的渗透性并具有较好的体积安定性和干湿耐久性。 (3) 采用毒性浸出试验对污泥固化体的重金属及有机物进行了稳定性效果评价，结果表明膨润土掺入能降低固化污泥中Zn，Pb的浸出率，且能降低强碱条件对Cu及有机物溶出的不利影响；采用柔性壁渗透试验对固化体中污染物的宏观物理包裹进行了研究，结果表明膨润土的掺入降低了污泥固化体的渗透性，提高了固化体的宏观物理完整性从而降低了污染物的溶出能力。 (4) 采用孔隙水化学成分分析，X—衍射分析和电镜扫描／能谱分析等方法对固化污泥的强度增长原因进行了初步的分析。结果表明：膨润土对固化污泥强度的促进作用主要表现为骨架构建及促进水泥的水化反应。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to solve the problem of treatment and disposal of sludge in China, at the short time realizing the safe landfill of huge and widely distributed sludge and at the long term adjusting kinds of measures to local conditions to reuse the sludge were put forward. Based on the skeleton construction method for solidification treatment of sludge, the practical skeleton construction method was brought forward with cement solidifying/stabilizing sludge using calcium-bentonite as additive. The basic geotechnical properties and pollutants stabilization control were assessed to solidified sludge, and the mechanical development of strength of sludge was discussed too. The main contents of the article are shown as follows:(1) The compositions of dredged sludge as skeleton constructing material and its effects on solidification/stabilization (S/S) of sludge were analyzed. Based on these, effects of different clay minerals as additive on development of compressive strength and stabilization of pollutants of solidified sludge were compared. The results show that bentonite which contains high montmorillonite has a better effect on solidification/stabilization (S/S) of sludge than other clays. Furthermore, taking the cost of treatment of sludge into account, the practical skeleton construction method was put forward using calcium-bentonite as additive during cement based S/S of sludge.(2) Geotechnical properties of sludge after S/S treatment were evaluated from the aspects of compressive strength, volume change, permeability and wet and dry duration. The results show that adding calcium-bentonite can keep the solidified sludge with high compressive strength at low cement content, with low permeability, low volume change and good wet and dry duration.(3) Leaching toxicity extraction test was performed to assess the stability of heavy metal and organics in solidified sludge. The results show that calcium-bentonite reduces the leaching ratio of Zn, Pb from the solidified sludge and the bad influence of strong alkalinity on stability of Cu and organics in the solidified sludge. Macroscopical physical encapsulation ability of pollutants in the solidified sludge was studied by flexible-wall permeability test. The results show that bentonite can greatly reduce the permeability of solidified sludge, and improves its monolith, therefore reduces the release of pollutants from sludge.(4) Mechanical development of strength of the solidified sludge was understood by pore fluid analysis, X-ray diffraction analysis and Scanning Electron Microscope/Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometry (SEM/EDS) analysis. The results show that calcium-bentonite has two effects on development of stregth of solidified sludge, one hand to construct skeleton更多还原