【作者】 陈柳生；

【导师】 尹文清；

【作者基本信息】 广西师范大学 ， 有机化学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 蔓荆子为马鞭草科牡荆属单叶蔓荆(Vitex trifolia L. var. simplicifolia Cham.或Vitex rotundifolia L.)或三叶蔓荆(Vitex trifolia L.)的干燥成熟果实,主要产于山东、广西、云南、江西、浙江、福建、及广东等地。为常用中药,具有疏散风热、清利头目、止痛的功效,临床上用于治疗风热、感冒头痛、偏头痛等症。据报道,蔓荆子的主要活性成分是黄酮类化合物,为丰富蔓荆子的应用基础研究成果,为开发和利用本地区传统中药蔓荆子,本论文主要从以下四个方面对蔓荆子黄酮进行了研究。1.采取正交设计实验,对影响蔓荆子总黄酮提取工艺的因素进行了考察。结果发现,影响蔓荆子总黄酮提取的主次因素为:提取温度>乙醇浓度>固液比>提取时间,其中提取温度、乙醇浓度对总黄酮的提取有显著性的影响;蔓荆子中总黄酮的最佳提取工艺条件为:5倍量的70%乙醇在85oC下提取4个小时。2.将蔓荆子粗提物进行了精制,用石油醚萃取除掉了大量的脂肪,然后用聚酰胺吸附法除掉了一些蛋白质、糖类等极性较大的亲水性杂质。同时分别对粗提物和精制品的蔓荆子总黄酮的含量进行了测定,其含量分别为8.86%和39.9%。精制品的总黄酮含量得到了明显的提高,表明此方法是一种有效的富集和纯化蔓荆子总黄酮的方法。3.对蔓荆子总黄酮精制品用硅胶柱层析进行了分离,得到了5个化合物,其中3个黄酮化合物,2个甾体化合物。经光谱及化学分析,分别鉴定为(Ⅰ)紫花牡荆素(3′,5-二羟基-3,6,7,4′-四甲氧基黄酮);(Ⅱ)胡萝卜甙;(Ⅲ)β-谷甾醇;(Ⅳ)木犀草素(5,7, 3′, 4′-四羟基黄酮);(Ⅴ) 5,3′-二羟基-6,7,4′-三甲氧基二氢黄酮。4.药理结果表明紫花牡荆素具有较好的抗血小板聚集作用,为紫花牡荆素治疗血栓等心血管疾病提供了初步的科学依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Fructus Viticis is the dried and ripe fruits of Vitex trifolia L. var. simplicifolia Cham. or Vitex trifolia L., which are plants belong to Vitex of Verbenaceae family. It distributes mainly in Shandong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Fujian and Guangdong. It is a traditional Chinese medicine be widely used in clinical treatment. Because it has the functions of clearing heat, keeping mind clear and killing pain, so it can be used to treat fever, headache, migraine etc. It is reported that flavonoids are main active constituents in Fructus Viticis. In order to better exploit and make good use of this medicine in Guangxi , in this paper we have made studies on flavonoids in fruits of Vitex trifolia L. var. simplicifolia Cham. from following four parts:1. The optimum technololgy of extracting total flavonoids in the fruits of vitex trifolia L .var. simplicifolia Cham. was studied by orthogonal test. The results show that factors influencing extraction efficiency were as follows: temperature of extraction > concentration of ethanol > ratio of solid to liquid > time of extraction. Extraction temperature and concentration of ethanol are the most important factors in the extraction process. The best extraction conditions are to use 70% ethanol as extractor with the ratio of 1:5 at the temperature of 85oC for 4h.2. We have studied the purifying procedure of total flavonoids in Fructus Viticis. A lot of oils and fats were eliminated by petroleum ether, and some of protein and saccharides were eliminated by polyamide adsorption column also. At the same time, we have measured the content of total flavonoids in crude extract and refined extract respectively. The result shows that the crude extract is 8.86% and the refined extract is 39.9%, the content of total flavonoids in refined extract is more than the content of total flavonoids in crude extract. It shows that this method is a kind of effective method which can concentrate and purify total flavonoids in the fruits of vitex trifolia L .var. simplicifolia Cham..3. Five compounds were isolated from refined extract by silica gel column separation, and three of them are flavonoid. By means of spectroscopic analysis and chemical methods, their structures have been identified as: vitexicarpin (3′,5-dihydroxy-3,6,7,4′-tetramethoxyflavone) (Ⅰ); daucosteorl (Ⅱ);β-sitosterol (Ⅲ) ; luteolin(5,7,3′,4′-tetrahydroxy flavone) (Ⅳ) ; 3′,5-dihydroxy-6,7,4′-trimethoxyflavanone (Ⅴ).更多还原