【作者】 张巧云；

【导师】 义祥辉； 陈全斌；

【作者基本信息】 广西师范大学 ， 有机化学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 蔷薇科(Family Rosaceae)甜茶(Rubus Suavissimus S.Lee.),悬钩子属多年生落叶有刺灌木,主产于柳州、桂林、梧州等地区,是广西特有的一种野生珍稀甜味植物,具有“有清热降火、润肺、祛痰、止咳”的功效,广泛用于医药、饮料和食品中。本论文主要从以下四个方面深化甜茶叶的研究,丰富该属植物天然药物化学的应用基础研究成果。1、首先对甜茶叶中的化学成分进行定性研究,通过定性分析,发现甜茶叶中含有甜茶素、多酚、氨基酸、黄酮类化合物等。并利用RP-HPLC法,采用保留时间定性,证实了甜茶叶中含有甜茶素;其水提物的水解产物中含有槲皮素与山奈酚。通过硅胶柱层析、重结晶的方法分离得到了槲皮素与山奈酚,使用波谱手段证实了甜茶叶中含有以槲皮素和山奈酚为甙元的黄酮甙。2、利用HPLC法对甜茶叶水提取物中的甜茶素和黄酮甙元含量测试进行研究;采用磷钼络合物法研究了甜茶叶中总黄酮提取物的抗氧化活性,其抗氧化性优于人工合成的抗氧化剂BHT。3、以甜茶叶为原料进行提取分离,采用柱层析、重结晶等手段进行高纯度甜茶素单体制备研究,制备出高纯度甜茶素单体,并采用波谱手段进行结构鉴定。这为测定工业产品中甜茶素的含量和研究甜茶甙单体的活性及体内药物学过程提供了方便,也为实现工业化制备高纯度甜茶素提供了有益的参考。4、以甜茶叶为原料,水提物经大孔树脂吸附、75%乙醇洗脱、无水乙醇精制,得到甜茶叶总提取物。再经聚酰胺柱,硅胶柱层析和重结晶等方法从该提取物中分离得到了除甜茶素外的6个化合物,经光谱鉴定,证实其中1个是软脂酸(palmitic acid);4个为四环二萜类化合物,结构鉴定为:13-O-β-D-葡萄糖-斯特维醇(又名斯特维单糖甙,13-O-β-D-glucosyl-steviol)、对映-l6,17-二羟基-3-酮-贝壳杉烷-l7-O-D-葡萄糖甙(又名舒格罗克甙,ent-16, 17-dihydroxy-3-one-kaurane-17-O-D-glucoside)、斯特维醇(steviol)、对映-16α-17-二羟基-贝壳杉烷-19-羧酸(ent-16α-17-dihydroxy-kanuran-19-oic acid),其中斯特维醇未见有文献报道从该植物中分离得到;还有一个为未见文献报道过的黄酮类化合物,槲皮素-3-β-D-半乳糖甙(又名金丝桃甙,Quercetin-3-β-D-galactoside)。更多还原

【Abstract】 Rubus Suavissimus S.Lee., a perennial shatter shrub of rosaseae family growing wildly in Guilin, Liuzhou, Wuzhou, et al., is a sweet plant native to Guangxi Province. It is reported that sweet tea“has actions of reducing a fever, moistening a lung, relieving a cough, and reducing the phlegm”. And it is widely used in medicament, beverage, and food industry. To better exploit and make good use of this plant, further research of its leaves was considered in this paper from the following four parts:1、Rubusoside、polyphenolic compounds、amino acid and flavonoids were found in water extract. Rubusode and two kinds of flavonol named quercetin and kaemplenol were confirmed in the extract and the hydrolysate of those extracts by their retention times in RP-HPLC employing UV-Vis detection, respectively. And the target aglycones were isolated from the hydorlysate by silica gel column chromatography and recrystallization. The results showed that the flavonoids whose aglycone was quercetin or kaempferol were firmly proved in the extract.2、The contents of rubusoside and flavonoid aglycones, and the antioxidant capacities of total flavones in Rubusoside Suavissimus S. Lee leaf extracts were determined by means of High Performance Liquid Chromatography and the formation of phosphomolybdenum complex, respectively. The results indicated that the total flavone in Rubusoside Suavissimus S.Lee leaf extracts was better radical scavenger than BHT.3、We have produced a monomer from leaves of Rubus Suavissimus S.Lee, using methods of water extraction、column chromatogramphy and recrystallization. And such a simple and rapid method provides considerable conveniences for content determination of rubusoside in industrial products, activity researchs on the monomer of rubusoside and its pharmacokinetics in vivo, as well as beneficial references for industrial preparation of high purified rubusoside.4、The dried leaves of of Rubus Suavissimus S.Lee were extracted with water and then chromatographed on a highly porous synthetic polymer eluting by75% EtOH and refining by absolute alcohol to get water extract.Thus, a susepension of this extract was chromatographed on polyamide and silica gel with recrystallization purification to obtain six compounds except for rubusoside, the main constitute. Of these compounds, one is palmitic acid; another is Quercetin-3-β-D-galactoside, and the rest four are diterpene glucosides:13-O-β-D-glucosyl-steviol, ent-16,17-dihydroxy-3-one-kaurane-17-O-D-glucoside, steviol, ent-16α-17-dihydroxy-kanuran-19-oic acid. Their structures were elucided mainly on the basis of IR and NMR spectral evidence. And there was no report on the isolation of palmitic acid, flavonoide(Quercetin-3-β-D-galactoside),and steviol from water extract of Rubus Suavissimus S.Lee leaves in literature.更多还原