【作者】 刘芳梅；

【导师】 梁柱平；

【作者基本信息】 广西师范大学 ， 体育教育训练学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 奥运会与旅游业之间是一种互动关系,奥运会是旅游业取得巨大发展的助推器,而旅游业是奥运经济腾飞的翅膀。奥运会自身的吸引力和特征必然伴随产生旅游活动,引来大量的旅游者,20世纪80年代以来,各届奥运会都将吸引旅游者作为举办奥运会所争取的一个目标利益。从历届奥运旅游效应的总体来看,奥运会对举办地旅游业存在着潜在的促进作用,但这种潜在的促进作用到底能发挥出多大的效果是因时而异、因地而异的,因为奥运旅游是一种规模巨大、独特的国际旅游活动,影响奥运旅游发展的因素也是多方面的。2008年奥运会给中国旅游业的发展带来了历史性机遇,但机遇并不等于成功。尽管中国旅游界对北京奥运旅游的预期效应是巨大的,但在尚未取得成功之前,对奥运旅游这种独特的旅游类型进行深入的理论分析和实证研究是非常必要的。本文采用的研究方法主要有文献资料法、案例分析法、比较推理法,主要内容包括三个部分:第一部分是奥运旅游的基础理论研究。依据旅游学的相关理论,并结合奥运会自身的特点,提出奥运旅游的概念内涵,阐述奥运旅游的主要特征,在分析奥运旅游吸引物系统的基础上,构建出一个以提高举办地旅游吸引力为出发点,以改善举办地旅游形象,增加国际和国内旅游者数量,促进举办地社会、经济、文化协调发展为归宿的奥运旅游影响机制。第二部分是奥运旅游的影响因素研究。通过对20世纪80年代以来几届奥运会的旅游效应进行比较与分析,认为国际政治、经济形势是影响奥运旅游发展的外部环境因素;举办地的经济结构、经济地位、举办目的、安全保障和消费价格是影响奥运旅游发展的内部环境因素;加强举办地政府、奥组委和旅游部门的相互协作,制定和实施奥运旅游促销战略,强化和保持奥运旅游后期效应,减小对奥运会举办地居民和旅游者的“挤出效应”是奥运会举办地应努力争取的主观能动因素。第三部分是北京奥运旅游现存问题及发展对策的研究。通过对北京旅游业的运行机制、发展战略、旅游饭店的管理与服务、旅游人力资源等方面的现状分析,指出目前北京旅游业还存在政府、奥组委、旅游部门的协作意识不强,奥运旅游战略不够完善,旅游饭店的管理与服务水平不高和导游市场人才短缺等主要问题。借鉴和汲取历届奥运旅游成败因素的经验和教训,结合北京旅游资源和产业实际,主要从奥运旅游品牌、奥运旅游文化、奥运旅游促销、奥运旅游产品、奥运旅游纪念品、奥运旅游发展所必需的经济环境等角度提出促进北京奥运旅游发展的对策与建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 Olympic Games and tourism are interacted with each other. The former is a gorgeous development propeller of the latter, and the latter is the wings to promote the economy of the former. The intrinsic attraction of Olympic Games and their characteristics invite large numbers of tourists to the host city, bringing about various tour activities as an inevitable side-product. Since the 1980s, Olympic Games Organization Committee set it a goal to attract more tourists to the host city. Analysis of impact factors of tourism shows that Olympic Games have a potential function of accelerating the development of tourism for host cities. However, potential does not mean reality. As it is, how this favorable function will bring into play depends on many other things which affect the Olympic tourism. The 2008 Beijing Olympic Games is to bring about historical opportunity to China’s tourism. This does not, however, mean success automatically, though China’s tourism industry estimates that the expected benefits are enormous. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct an in-depth research, be it theoretical and empirical, of such particular tourism types as Olympic tourism, before the advent of the Games.Multi-methods are applied in this research. They are literature method, statistic method, case study method, and empirical method. The thesis is composed of three parts as follows:Part I concerns fundamental theories involved in this research. Based on tourism principles and characteristics of the Olympic Games, an in-depth analysis is made of the attraction system of Olympic tourism. Upon this analysis, an influence mechanism of Olympic tourism is then proposed, which, with the improvement of host city’s tourism attraction as its starting point, aims at improving the host city’s image, increasing the number of tourists from home and abroad, and eventually promoting the coordinate development of society, economy and culture.Part II is a study of influence factors of Olympic tourism. With a review and analysis of Olympic tourism accompanied with the several recent Olympic Games since the 1980s, the author concludes that, among other things, international politics and economic status are two external factors which vitally impact Olympic tourism; internal impact factors are host city’s economic structure, economic status, objectives更多还原