【作者】 王晓娟；

【导师】 孔荣；

【作者基本信息】 西北农林科技大学 ， 农业经济管理， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 随着我国就业制度的变革与高校的扩招,毕业生就业形势发生了巨大的变化,高校毕业生就业部门也开始面临前所未有的压力。高校专业设置、就业管理模式的不尽合理,社会用人制度不尽公正,户籍、人事制度尚未完全改革,加上毕业生群体中出现期望过高、诚信危机和困难群体等原因,使得高校毕业生就业问题近几年逐渐成为全社会关注的焦点。大学生就业问题的突出开始于高校毕业生就业制度的改革,要应对大学生就业困难的问题,需要从社会、高校、用人单位、毕业生本人等几个方面着手分析和解决。本文从经济学、现代管理学、教育学以及系统分析法等角度研究国内外高校毕业生就业状况及就业指导问题。通过分析研究找出全面解决大学生就业困难问题的途径。第一章导论。本章介绍了高校毕业生就业问题研究的背景、国内外研究动态,研究此问题的目的、意义、思路和方法,最后提出论文的可能创新之处。第二章高校毕业生就业问题的理论基础。本章主要包括了高等学校的基本社会职能理论、人力资本理论、市场营销学的相关理论基础、职业生涯理论等,为高校就业问题提供了理论支撑。第三章大学生就业问题的国际经验。本章介绍了日本、美国以及我国香港地区高校毕业生就业状况,以及促进高校毕业生就业采取的做法,为中国大学生就业问题提供了经验支撑。第四章高校毕业生就业现状与困难分析。本章介绍了我国目前毕业生就业现状,并从高校、毕业生、用人单位、社会等四个方面全面分析了我国高校毕业生就业困难的原因,主要有:(1)高校方面:高等教育结构、高校就业制度变革、高校的招生制度、高校的培养模式以及高校的就业工作都影响着毕业生就业;(2)毕业生个人方面:毕业生个人素质不能达到用人单位满意、而学生本身就业期望偏高、以及诚信意识和法律观念淡薄等方面原因使单位与学生之间无法达到满意对接。(3)用人单位方面:有些用人单位缺乏公正、公开、科学的择人机制,有些用人单位对引进人才的认识存在误区,还有少数用人单位接收毕业生存在歧视现象,这些原因不仅使毕业生无法顺利就业,还在他们头脑中造成了对社会的一些偏激认识。(4)社会方面:我国整体就业形势严峻、社会关系造成不平等竞争、体制及运行机制等也成为了高校毕业生就业困难的社会原因。第五章解决我国高校毕业生就业困难的主要途径。根据前述几章的分析,本章从社会氛围、高等教育、毕业生自身等方面着手,提出解决我国高校毕业生就业困难的主要途径如下:(1)为大学生走向社会创造一个良好的社会氛围,例如大力发展第三产业,规范和完善人才市场以及打通毕业生服务基层的绿色通道等;(2)建立就业导向的高等教育新体制,包括改革高等教育制度,创新培养模式,高校要加大毕业生就业工作力度以及加强就业信息的反馈等;(3)毕业生自身也要注意转变就业观念和提高自身素质,不仅注重自身能力的培养,还要转变就业观念,克服就业中的心理障碍。更多还原

【Abstract】 During the reform of employment system and inflation of college student, great changes have taken place in employment situation , and Pressure which do not exist before is encountered by college employment department .Employment issue of college student is being focused on by the society on the condition that:(1) major installation and management model of employment is no reasonable ;(2)social interview system is not just;(3)over expectation, credit crisis and poverty groups exist in undergraduate group. This paper tries to find the ways to solve employment of problem college student thoroughly based on the analysis of employment issue. Issue of college student employment (ICSE) is highlighted with the reform of college student employment system. To deal with the difficulty, we should analyze and solve it through society, college, employee and undergraduate student himself. This paper catalysis employment conditions and employment instructions of college students home and abroad, based on economics, modern management, education and systematics theory. Channels are round to solve thoroughly the issue of college student employment after analysis.Chapter 1. Introduction. This chapter introduces the background, literature, purpose, necessity and ways of the study of college student employment. Possible innovation is this paper also be offered.Chapter 2. Fundamental Theory of College Student Employment. This Chapter mainly introduces the fundamental function theory of college (FFTC), human capital theory (HCT), Marketing theory, Career theory, which set a theoretical foundation for college employment problem.Chapter 3. International Experiences of College Student Employment. Situation of college student employment and countermeasures respectively in Japan, United States, and Hongkong area are introduced in this chapter, which offer an empirical foundation for college student employment in China.Chapter 4. Causes of Employment Difficulty of College Student. This chapter offers the causes from college, undergraduate students, employer, and society of employment difficulty of college student. This finds a practical foundation for the solution of employment difficulty of college student. Conditions and Difficulties of collage student employment. This chapter introduces employment condition of Chinese college students. Causes of ICSE in China are anglicized thoroughly from college, Undergraduate student, employee and society, which in duds:(1)Caused from college: education structure, employment system reform, entrance system, training mode and employment effect of college are all effecting employment of college student.(2) Reasons from students: employee cannot get matched with allege students to cause (1) undergraduate student cannot match the satisfaction of employee (2) college student himself overestimits his employment expectation, (3) collage student leeks of confidence sense and law notion.(3)Reasons from employees. Some employees lack of an just, open and scientilic mechanism of interiene. Others have taucty notion in labor adoption, while others have disequity when intervise, These not only make undergraduate tail to loork successfully but also from some stubbon notion to the society.(4) Reason from society. A difficulty employment situation accomplied with unjust conpetion from social connection systems and mechanism are all reasons of ICSE.Chapter 5. Channels for the Solution of Employment Difficulty of College Student. Based on chapters above, this chapter suggests the main channels, from social atmosphere, advanced education, undergraduate student, to solve the employment difficulty. Main suggestions are proposed to solve ICSE in China as follows:(1) To creat a good atmosphere for college student entering into society. We should, for example, develop the third industry greatly, adjust training structure of intelligence, regulate and perfect labor market, and push away green channel for student service in local industry.(2) To set a new education system directed by employment. These include education system reform, training model innovation enforcement of undergraduate employment effort and enhance of feedback of employment in formation.(3) To change employment notion, and enherce ability of undergraduate student. College students should not only pay more attention to ability by themselves, but also change their notion about employment and overcome the psychological hodging in employment.更多还原