【作者】 胡鹏；

【导师】 欧阳健明；

【作者基本信息】 暨南大学 ， 无机化学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 本文在硅胶体系内，研究了不同二元羧酸及金属离子对CaOxa晶体生长的影响。这些二元羧酸包括不含取代基的丁二酸、顺／反丁二烯酸，带有1个-OH基的节果酸，1个-NH₂基的天冬氨酸，含有2个-OH基的酒石酸。金属离子包括Na⁺、K⁺、Mg²⁺、Sr²⁺和La³⁺等。 研究发现相距3个C-C键的二元羧酸均能抑制COM晶体的聚集和生长。其中具有最佳抑制效果的羧酸是含有HOOC-C（OH）-C-COOH基团或HOOC-C（NH₂）-C-COOH基团的化合物，含有两个-OH基的酒石酸不仅在抑制COM方面，而且在诱导COD能力方面强于含有1个-OH基节果酸。 对比了金属离子Na⁺、K⁺、Mg²⁺、Sr²⁺和La³⁺等对CaOxa晶体的不同影响。Sr²⁺抑制COM的生长，La³⁺可以抑制COM生长和聚集。同时研究酒石酸与金属离子混合添加剂的作用。Mg²⁺、Sr²⁺、La³⁺增强了酒石酸对CaOxa晶体生长和聚集的抑制作用，诱导COD生成的能力为：H₂tart-La＞H₂tart-Sr＞H₂tart-Mg＞H₂tart-Na、K。 最后，对体外模拟生物矿化的研究体系进行初步探讨，对比了不同凝胶体系（明胶、琼胶、硅胶）中草酸钙（CaOxa）晶体的生长。明胶可促进晶体成核、抑制晶体成长和聚集，诱导COD生成，随着明胶浓度的增大，这种能力增强。琼胶中得到多面体COM晶体；在硅胶中，得到标准的六边形草酸钙晶体。 本文在理论上讨论了二元羧酸抑制剂及金属离子对草酸钙结石的作用机理，为设计羧酸类药物以及与碱性金属离子联合作用的药物提供理论依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 The effect of the series of dicarboxylic acids and metal ions on the crystallization of calcium oxalate was investigated in silica gel system. These acids include succinic acid, maleic acid and fumaric acid without substituted groups, malic acid with one hydroxyl group, aspartic acid with one amino group, tartaric acid with two hydroxyl groups. These metal ions include Na⁺、K⁺、 Mg²⁺、Sr²⁺and La³⁺.The dicarboxylic acids with three C-C bonds distance could inhibit the growth and aggregation of calcium oxalate crystal. Acids which had the group HOOC-C（OH）-C-COOH or HOOC-C（NH₂）-C-COOH were always found to have the best inhibitory effect. Tartaric acid which had two hydroxyl groups was better than malic acid with one hydroxyl group, not only in inhibiting the aggregation of COM but inducing COD.Different effect of the metal ions(Na⁺、 K⁺、Mg²⁺、Sr²⁺、 La³⁺) on the crystallization of calcium oxalate was contrasted. Sr²⁺ could inhibit the growth of COM; La³⁺ could inhibit the growth and aggregation of COM. At the same time, the mixed additive （tartaric acid and metal ion） were studied. Mg²⁺、 Sr²⁺、 La³⁺ could enhance the effect of tartaric acid on inhibiting growth and aggregation of CaOxa crystal. Generally speaking, the ability of inducing the formation of COD follows: H₂tart-La（57%） > H₂tart-Sr（29%） > H₂tart-Mg（22%） >H₂tart-Na、K（15-16%）.In the last section, the research system of biomineralization simulation in vitro was discussed. The growth and aggregation of CaOxa crystal in different gel systems （gelatin, agar gel and silica gel） were investigated. Gelatin could promote the nucleation of COM, inhibit the growth and aggregation of CaOxa crystal, and induce the formation of COD; this ability was enhanced along with the increase of the concentration. Polyhedral COM crystal was found in agar gel. In silica gel we could obtain typical hexagonal CaOxa crystal.In this paper, the mechanism of dicarboxylic acids and metal ions inhibiting CaOxa crystal was discussed. The results could provide theoretical bases for designing the new drug of acids or acids associating with metal ions in lithiasis.更多还原