【作者】 陈润智；

【导师】 岑颖洲；

【作者基本信息】 暨南大学 ， 分析化学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 半叶马尾藻（Sargassum hemiphyllum）是生长在中国南海浅海海域的一种大型经济海藻。为进一步开发南海丰富的半叶马尾藻资源，寻找生物活性物质和新化合物，对半叶马尾藻的化学成分及生物活性进行了初步研究，并重点研究了半叶马尾藻多糖及其抗病毒活性。 本文分为两部分。第一部分以抑菌及抗病毒活性为指标对半叶马尾藻的化学成分进行分离、纯化和化学结构测定。 为确定半叶马尾藻的活性部位，分别采用微量稀释法和MTT及CPE抑制法测定了半叶马尾藻各粗提物的抑菌和抗病毒活性。结果显示，石油醚粗提物和乙酸乙酯粗提物对部分细菌有抑制作用；石油醚粗提物和正丁醇粗提物有一定的抗单纯疱疹病毒1型（HSV-1）作用，而正丁醇粗提物的活性更显著，半数抑制浓度(IC₅₀)为15.6μg／mL；此外，正丁醇粗提物对人宫颈癌细胞（HeLa）有显著毒性，其半数毒性浓度(CC₅₀)小于15.6μg／mL。 鉴于石油醚粗提物具有一定的抑菌和抗病毒活性，因此主要对石油醚粗提物进行了分离。从中得到棕榈酸、岩藻甾醇2个单体化合物，通过IR、GC-MS鉴定11个脂肪酸和甾体化合物。所有化合物均为已知化合物，其中棕榈酸和岩藻甾醇分别为半叶马尾藻中含量最高的脂肪酸和甾醇。 对半叶马尾藻中的无机元素成分和脂肪酸进行了分析。其中，半叶马尾藻脂肪酸的主要成分为十六碳酸，饱和脂肪酸（SAFA）含量占其总脂肪酸含量的70.77％，多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）占1.20％。半叶马尾藻含有丰富的人体必需元素，其中常量元素Ca、Mg、P含量最高；微量元素中，Sr、Fe、Mn和Zn的含量相对较高。 第二部分对半叶马尾藻硫酸多糖的提取、分离纯化、理化性质及其体外抗单纯疱疹病毒1型（HSV-1）和柯萨奇病毒（CoxB₃）活性进行了研究，填补了半叶马尾藻多糖抗病毒活性研究的空白。 对用直接水提法提取得到的粗多糖（SHSP）用DEAE离子交换柱层析进一步分离纯化，得到三个多糖组分。抗病毒活性结果显示半叶马尾藻水提粗多糖（SHSP）有显著的抗CoxB₃和抗HSV-1活性，IC₅₀分别达到7.8和3.9μg／mL；更多还原

【Abstract】 Sargassum hemiphyllum （SH） is an economic alga growing in the shallow area of the South China Sea. In order to make further exploitation of the abundant alga, the chemical constituents and bioactivities of SH were studied, while sulphated polysaccharides and their antiviral activities of SH were further studied.This thesis is divided into 2 parts. The isolation and structural elucidation of SH were studied guided by the result of the bioactivities study of the crude extracts in Part 1.The antibacterial and antiviral activities of the crude extracts were studied by microdilution method, MTT and CPE inhibition method, respectively. The results showes that petroleum ether fraction （SP） and ethyl ester fraction （SE） has inhibition against a few bacteria strains; SE, n-butanol fraction （SB） exhibited antiviral activity against HSV-1 to some extent, while SB showed stronger anti-HSV-1 activity, with 50% inhibitory concentration （IC50） of 15.6μg/mL. In addition, SB also showed obvious cytotoxicity to Hela cells, with 50% Cytotoxic Concentration (CC₅₀ ) less than 15.6 μg/mL.In view of SP showes antibacterial and antiviral activities to some extent, so it was further isolated. Two pure compounds were obtained.The structures were determined as hexadecanoic acid, fucosterol. Elevent compounds of fatty acid and steroil were identified by IR and GC-MS. All compounds have been reported. Hexadecanoic acid and fucosterol are the major fatty acid and sterol in Sargassum hemiphyllum, respectively.The fatty acid compositions and inorganic element compositions in Sargassum hemiphyllum were studied. Hexadecanoic acid is the main fatty acid. The saturated fatty acids （SAFA） account for 70.77% of total fatty acid, while the unsaturated fatty acids （UFA） account for 14.54%. Sargassum hemiphyllum contains ample nutritional elements, while the amounts of Ca, Mg and P were the largest, and the amounts of Sr, Fe, Mn and Zn were larger than other trace element.Isolation, purification, physicochemical characterization and antiviral activities against HSV-1 and CoxB₃ of sulphated polysaccharides from Sargassum hemiphyllum were studied in part 2 .The sulphated polysaccharides of Sargassum hemiphyllum（SHSP） were更多还原